Trends in socioeconomic mortality inequalities in a southern European urban setting at the turn of the 21st century

Borrell, Carme; Azlor, Enric; Rodríguez-Sanz, Maica; Puigpinós, Rosa; Cano-Serral, Gemma; Pasarín, M. Isabel; Martı́nez, José Miguel; Benach, Joan; Muntañer, Carles

doi:10.1136/jech.2006.057166

Cited by 57 publications

(40 citation statements)

References 41 publications

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“…A similar resultabsolute decrease, relative stability-was observed for Barcelona (Borrell et al 2008), whereas all other available studies reported a further increase in relative inequality (see introduction).…”

Section: Comparison With Results From Other Countries In the 1990ssupporting

confidence: 49%

“…For the city of Rome an increase in relative differentials during the 1990s and a stabilization at the very end of the 20 th century was reported (Cesaroni et al 2006), whereas for Barcelona relative stability was observed during the entire decade (Borrell et al 2008). Fawcett et al (2005) suggest that in the first half of the 1990s socio-economic mortality differentials at working ages were further increasing also in Norway and Finland, though for females the gap in circulatory disease mortality was not further widening.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 95%

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Trends in educational mortality differentials in Austria between 1981/82 and 2001/2002

Klotz¹,

Doblhammer²

2008

DemRes

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Background-Many studies for European populations found an increase in socioeconomic mortality differentials during the last decades of the 20 th century, at least in relative terms. The aim of our paper is to explore the situation in Austria, for a wide age range, over a period of 20 years.Methods-Based on a linkage of census information and death certificates, we computed age and education specific death rates. We calculate life expectancies at age 35 by educational level as well as regression-based measures of absolute (SII) and relative (RII) inequality, for the periods 1981/82, 1991/92, and 2001/2002. Results-Life expectancy increased faster for the higher educated in the 1980s, whereas this trend reversed in the following decade. For males at working ages an increase in relative mortality differentials was observed during the 1980s. Absolute mortality differentials decreased among elderly females in the 1990s, particularly for circulatory disease mortality. Altogether the educational pattern of mortality was rather stable in Austria at the end of the 20 th century. Conclusions-Compared with results from other countries, trends in educational mortality differentials seem to be rather favorable in Austria in the 1990s. A stable health care system, the healthy migrant effect, and relatively low unemployment rates may have contributed to stable mortality differentials. However, an important explanation is also the inclusion of higher ages in our study.

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Section: Comparison With Results From Other Countries In the 1990ssupporting

confidence: 49%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 95%

Trends in educational mortality differentials in Austria between 1981/82 and 2001/2002

Klotz¹,

Doblhammer²

2008

DemRes

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“…10 However, many studies have also observed greater inequalities among women than among men. 4,14 Some studies find them at individual level, 8,10,12,29,30,32 others at area level (ecological studies), 35,38,39,43,50,51 and lastly, there are some multilevel studies, 15,16,20 which have found such inequalities at area level, independently of the individual's socioeconomic level. However, few studies have discussed the possible causes of these differences between the sexes.…”

Section: Trends In Socioeconomic Inequalities In Ihd Mortalitymentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Studies of trends at individual level performed in different European countries have found that the socioeconomic inequalities in IHD mortality tend to increase with time in both sexes. 29,30,32,54 Few ecological studies have analyzed the evolution over time of these inequalities. In the majority of them, increases in socioeconomic inequalities are observed in both sexes.…”

Section: Trends In Socioeconomic Inequalities In Ihd Mortalitymentioning

confidence: 99%

“…[24][25][26][27] However, socioeconomic inequalities in IHD mortality persist and are even increasing in many western European countries. 3,[28][29][30][31][32] Among studies analyzing the relationship of IHD mortality with residential area socioeconomic level, those focusing on urban areas are of particular interest, since in these areas, stronger associations have been documented between area socioeconomic level and IHD mortality than in urban peripheral or rural areas. 19 In this sense, those individuals with similar socioeconomic characteristics tend to live in the same areas, 33 and therefore, small areas are very homogeneous in terms of the socioeconomic characteristics of their inhabitants.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Trends in Socioeconomic Inequalities in Ischemic Heart Disease Mortality in Small Areas of Nine Spanish Cities from 1996 to 2007 Using Smoothed ANOVA

et al. 2013

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The aim of this study was to analyze the evolution of socioeconomic inequalities in mortality due to ischemic heart diseases (IHD) in the census tracts of nine Spanish cities between the periods 1996-2001 and 2002-2007. Among women, there are socioeconomic inequalities in IHD mortality in the first period which tended to remain stable or even increase in the second period in most of the cities. Among men, in general, no socioeconomic inequalities have been detected for this cause in either of the periods. These results highlight the importance of intra-urban inequalities in mortality due to IHD and their evolution over time.

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Long-term trends of inequalities in mortality in 6 European countries

Gelder

Menvielle

Costa

et al. 2016

Int J Public Health

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ObjectivesWe aimed to assess whether trends in inequalities in mortality during the period 1970–2010 differed between Finland, Norway, England and Wales, France, Italy (Turin) and Hungary.MethodsTotal and cause-specific mortality data by educational level and, if available, occupational class were collected and harmonized. Both relative and absolute measures of inequality in mortality were calculated.ResultsIn all countries except Hungary, all-cause mortality declined strongly over time in all socioeconomic groups. Relative inequalities in all-cause mortality generally increased, but more so in Hungary and Norway than elsewhere. Absolute inequalities often narrowed, but went up in Hungary and Norway. As a result of these trends, Hungary (where inequalities in mortality where almost absent in the 1970s) and Norway (where inequalities in the 1970s were among the smallest of the six countries in this study) now have larger inequalities in mortality than the other four countries.ConclusionsWhile some countries have experienced dramatic setbacks, others have made substantial progress in reducing inequalities in mortality.Electronic supplementary materialThe online version of this article (doi:10.1007/s00038-016-0922-9) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.

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Trends in socioeconomic mortality inequalities in a southern European urban setting at the turn of the 21st century

Abstract: Relative inequalities in total mortality by sex in Barcelona did not change during the 12 years studied, whereas absolute inequalities tended to decrease in men. Our study fills an important gap in southern Europe and Spanish literature on trends during this period.

Cited by 57 publications

References 41 publications

Trends in educational mortality differentials in Austria between 1981/82 and 2001/2002

Trends in educational mortality differentials in Austria between 1981/82 and 2001/2002

Trends in Socioeconomic Inequalities in Ischemic Heart Disease Mortality in Small Areas of Nine Spanish Cities from 1996 to 2007 Using Smoothed ANOVA

Long-term trends of inequalities in mortality in 6 European countries

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