Trends in stratospheric HCl from the ACE satellite mission

Bernath, P. F.; Fernando, Anton

doi:10.1016/j.jqsrt.2018.05.027

Cited by 16 publications

(24 citation statements)

References 15 publications

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“…and upper tropospheric(Leedham Elvidge et al, 2015) records. Total chlorine SGI observed during the 2015 VIRGAS (104 ± 15 ppt Cl) and 2016 POSIDON missions (120 ± 27 ppt Cl) agree well with our model (to within a few percent, when the model is sampled during the Comparison of stratospheric HCl trends (% per decade) from ACE satellite observations(Bernath & Fernando, 2018) and model runs(2004)(2005)(2006)(2007)(2008)(2009)(2010)(2011)(2012)(2013)(2014)(2015)(2016)(2017). Mean trends are for (a) 60°S to 60°N, (b) 30°S to 30°N, (c) 30 to 60°N, and (d) 30 to 60°S.…”

supporting

confidence: 78%

“…The vertically resolved ACE HCl trends for different latitudes and equivalent model estimates are given in Figure . Note, in order to perform a like‐for‐like comparison to the model, the ACE trend data here does not incorporate N 2 O into the trend analysis (Bernath & Fernando, ).…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Comparison of stratospheric HCl trends (% per decade) from ACE satellite observations (Bernath & Fernando, ) and model runs (2004–2017). Mean trends are for (a) 60°S to 60°N, (b) 30°S to 30°N, (c) 30 to 60°N, and (d) 30 to 60°S.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The standard error on the ACE and model HCl trend estimates was calculated using the method of Weatherhead et al (1998), following Bernath and Fernando (2018), which includes a term considering the effect of first-order autocorrelation in the time series of residuals. In section 4.5, trend errors are presented with ±2 standard error uncertainty.…”

Section: Satellite Measurements Of Cocl 2 and Hclmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The vertically resolved ACE HCl trends for different latitudes and equivalent model estimates are given in Figure 7. Note, in order to perform a like-for-like comparison to the model, the ACE trend data here does not incorporate N 2 O into the trend analysis (Bernath & Fernando, 2018). Figure 7 highlights the major influence of dynamical variations (i.e., comparing S-FIXDYN and S-BASE) in the lower stratosphere and a contrasting dynamical influence in the two midlatitude regions (Figure 7c vs 7d).…”

Section: Journal Of Geophysical Research: Atmospheresmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Recent Trends in Stratospheric Chlorine From Very Short‐Lived Substances

et al. 2019

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Very short‐lived substances (VSLS), including dichloromethane (CH 2 Cl 2 ), chloroform (CHCl 3 ), perchloroethylene (C 2 Cl 4 ), and 1,2‐dichloroethane (C 2 H 4 Cl 2 ), are a stratospheric chlorine source and therefore contribute to ozone depletion. We quantify stratospheric chlorine trends from these VSLS (VSLCl tot ) using a chemical transport model and atmospheric measurements, including novel high‐altitude aircraft data from the NASA VIRGAS (2015) and POSIDON (2016) missions. We estimate VSLCl tot increased from 69 (±14) parts per trillion (ppt) Cl in 2000 to 111 (±22) ppt Cl in 2017, with >80% delivered to the stratosphere through source gas injection, and the remainder from product gases. The modeled evolution of chlorine source gas injection agrees well with historical aircraft data, which corroborate reported surface CH 2 Cl 2 increases since the mid‐2000s. The relative contribution of VSLS to total stratospheric chlorine increased from ~2% in 2000 to ~3.4% in 2017, reflecting both VSLS growth and decreases in long‐lived halocarbons. We derive a mean VSLCl tot growth rate of 3.8 (±0.3) ppt Cl/year between 2004 and 2017, though year‐to‐year growth rates are variable and were small or negative in the period 2015–2017. Whether this is a transient effect, or longer‐term stabilization, requires monitoring. In the upper stratosphere, the modeled rate of HCl decline (2004–2017) is −5.2% per decade with VSLS included, in good agreement to ACE satellite data (−4.8% per decade), and 15% slower than a model simulation without VSLS. Thus, VSLS have offset a portion of stratospheric chlorine reductions since the mid‐2000s.

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supporting

confidence: 78%

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Satellite Measurements Of Cocl 2 and Hclmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Journal Of Geophysical Research: Atmospheresmentioning

confidence: 99%

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