Trends in sugar-sweetened beverage consumption among California children

Abstract

Objective: To assess trends in consumption of soda, sweetened fruit drinks/sports drinks and any sugar-sweetened beverage (SSB) from 2013 to 2016 among all children in California aged 2–5 and 6–11 years and by racial-ethnic group. Design: Serial cross-sectional study using the California Health Interview Survey (CHIS). Setting: CHIS is a telephone survey of households in California designed to assess population-level estimates of key health behaviours. Previous research using CHIS documented a decrease in SSB consumption among children in California from 2003 to 2009 coinciding with state-level policy efforts targeting child SSB consumption. Participants: Parents of children in California aged 2–11 years (n 4901 in 2013–2014; n 3606 in 2015–2016) were surveyed about the child’s consumption of soda and sweetened fruit drinks/sports drinks on the day prior. Results: Among 2–5-year-olds, consumption of soda, sweetened fruit drinks/sports drinks and any SSB remained stable. Sweetened fruit drink/sports drink consumption was higher than soda consumption in this age group. Latino 2–5- year-olds were more likely to consume any SSB in both 2013–2014 and 2015–2016 compared with Whites. Among 6–11-year-olds, consumption of soda, sweetened fruit drinks/sports drinks and any SSB also remained stable over time. Latino and African-American 6–11-year-olds were more likely to consume an SSB in 2013–2014 compared with White children. Conclusions: SSB consumption among children in California was unchanged from 2013 to 2016 and racial-ethnic disparities were evident. Increased policy efforts are needed to further reduce SSB consumption, particularly among children of Latino and African-American backgrounds.

Time trend estimation of food consumption in repeated studies with different versions of food questionnaire among Brazilian schoolchildren aged 7 to 11 years

“…The consumption of ultra-processed foods has increased at the expense of unprocessed foods such as rice, beans, and fruits, although sugary drinks' intake has decreased in the last decade 28,29 . A similar decreasing trend in the consumption of sugary drinks was found in the USA among children and adolescents 30,31 . European adolescents have increased their intake of fruits and vegetables over the decade of 2010 32 .…”

Sugar-Sweetened Beverages and Metabolic Risk in Children and Adolescents with Obesity: A Narrative Review

“…Indeed, US children consume nearly twice as many calories from SSBs compared to 30 years ago [ 28 , 29 ], and SSBs are the largest category of caloric intake in the pediatric population [ 28 , 30 ]. SSB consumption differs by age range and begins at a young age [ 28 , 73 , 104 , 105 , 106 , 107 ]. Consumption patterns in preschool children are of particular concern.…”

“…Indeed, Bleich et al showed that children aged 2–5 years consumed 127–139 kcal from SSBs per day, children aged 6–11 years 176–220 kcal per day and adolescents 290–298 kcal per day [ 105 ]. SSB consumption varies not only according to age group but also by racial/ethnic group, socioeconomic status (SES) and sex [ 107 , 108 , 109 ]. Interestingly, at younger ages (2–5 years), African American children consumed a higher quantity of SSBs compared to Hispanic, white and Asian children, whereas among adolescents (12–19 years), white children consumed the highest quantity of SSBs, followed by Hispanics, African Americans and Asians [ 107 , 110 ].…”

Longer Participation in the Special Supplemental Nutrition Program for Women, Infants, and Children Is Not Associated with Reduced Sugar-Sweetened Beverage Intake among Black Participants

“…Most children 4 to 8 years of age consume less water than recommended [ 9 ], and Black and Hispanic families are more likely than White families to give children bottled water because of concerns regarding unsafe tap water [ 10 ], though racial/ethnic disparities in the amount of water consumed are not evident [ 8 ]. An analysis of the California Health Interview Survey indicates stable SSB consumption and persistent racial/ethnic disparities between 2013 and 2016 [ 11 ]. The proportion of children consuming any SSB on a given day increased from 23% among children aged 2–5 years to 37% among children aged 6–11 years [ 11 ].…”

“…An analysis of the California Health Interview Survey indicates stable SSB consumption and persistent racial/ethnic disparities between 2013 and 2016 [ 11 ]. The proportion of children consuming any SSB on a given day increased from 23% among children aged 2–5 years to 37% among children aged 6–11 years [ 11 ]. Given these differences in early-life beverage choices, and the wide reach of the WIC program, WIC participation could contribute to efforts to address disparities by race, ethnicity and SES in early-life dietary patterns and obesity [ 12 ].…”