Trends in suicide in Scotland 1981 – 1999: age, method and geography

Stark, Cameron; Hopkins, Paddy; Gibbs, Diane; Rapson, T.; Belbin, Alan; Hay, Alistair

doi:10.1186/1471-2458-4-49

Cited by 56 publications

(66 citation statements)

References 27 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Unclassified

Order By: Relevance

“…This is similar to studies by Quarshie et al, in Ghana, [10] and Stark et al, in Scotland [17], who found younger age group to commonly commit suicide by hanging. The current findings however differ from studies in the United States of America that found the act to be more common in the middleaged adults [18][19][20].…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 80%

Hanging as a method of suicide in Ghana: A 10 year autopsy study

Der¹,

Dakwah²,

Derkyi-Kwarteng³

et al. 2016

Pathol Discov

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Background: There are no official statistics on hanging as a method of suicide in Ghana. The aim of this study was to describe the proportions of deaths that were due to suicide by hanging, the gender and age characteristics and the type of ligature used and offer recommendations. Material and methods:This was a retrospective autopsy study from 2003 to 2013 in our institution. Results: About 0.34% of all autopsies performed were suicide by hanging. The male: female ratio was 7:1. The mean age of male victims was 35.6 years and that of females was 28.4 years. The modal age group of the females was 10-19 years (33.3%) while that of the males was 20-29 years (29.6%). There were no significant age differences between Male and female (p=0.08), male and the total study population (p=0.08) and also between female and the total population (p=0.73). The commonly used ligature by males was a nylon rope (46.9%), while that for female was electric cable (27.8%). In all 23.0% males and 33.3% females had no stated ligature used. For both males (52.3%) and females (22.2%) the common point of suspension was the branch of a tree. Many of the females have no stated point of suspension (55.6%). There were significant differences with regards to the type of ligature used and the point of suspension between male and female (p=0.018), male and the total study population (p=0.013) and also between female and the total study population (p=0.014). The reasons for suicide by hanging were not stated. There was a case each from the prison custody and the psychiatry hospital in Accra respectively. Conclusion: The study found that 0.34 % of all autopsies performed were suicide by hanging. The victims were mostly younger males. The commonly used ligature was a nylon rope, with tree branch as the point of suspension. As suicide by hanging is becoming common in Ghana, there is the need to develop strategies for its prevention.

show abstract

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 80%

Hanging as a method of suicide in Ghana: A 10 year autopsy study

Der¹,

Dakwah²,

Derkyi-Kwarteng³

et al. 2016

Pathol Discov

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…La plupart des auteurs ont signalé une hausse de la pendaison (Brock et Griffiths, 2003 ;Caron, 2004 ;Caron et al, 2008 ;De Leo et al, 2003 ;Langley et al, 2000 ;Stark et al, 2004), généralement conjuguée à une diminution des suicides attribuables à une arme à feu (Caron, 2004 ;Caron et al, 2008 ;De Leo et al, 2003 ;Langley et al, 2000 ;Stark et al, 2004) ou encore à une intoxication (Brock et Griffiths, 2003). Les différentes dispositions législatives mises en place par le gouvernement fédéral au cours des 25 dernières années afin de restreindre l'accès aux armes à feu ont peutêtre obtenu les effets escomptés.…”

Section: Figure 6 Taux De Mortalité Par Suicide Selon Le Groupe D'âgeunclassified

Évolution du suicide au Québec

Gagné¹,

St-Laurent²

2009

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Après la hausse observée au cours des années 1990, de récentes constatations suggèrent que les taux de suicide ont commencé à diminuer. La présente analyse tente d’identifier les années où se sont produits des changements significatifs dans la tendance de la mortalité par suicide au Québec au cours de la période 1981 à 2005 selon l’âge, le sexe et le milieu géographique. Un modèle de régression Joinpoint a été utilisé pour évaluer les changements dans la tendance. Nos résultats montrent que les taux de suicide se sont infléchis à la fin des années 1990. Depuis, les taux de suicide diminuent, plus rapidement chez les hommes, plus spécialement ceux âgés de 15 à 34 ans. Cette baisse s’observe plus particulièrement dans la région métropolitaine de recensement de Montréal, alors que pour le monde rural, les changements sont moins évidents. D’autres recherches sont nécessaires pour identifier les facteurs associés à cette baisse.After an upward suicide trend over the 1990s, recent observations suggest that the rate of suicide is currently declining in the province of Quebec. The present study assesses whether or not significant changes occurred in suicide over the period 1981-2005 according to age group, sex and geography. We used Joinpoint regression model to test time trends in suicide rates. Our results confirm that suicide rates changed significantly towards the end of the 1990s. Since then, suicide rates have been declining in Quebec, more rapidly in men, especially amongst males aged 15-34. The recent decline was more significant in the Montreal census metropolitan area while no important change was noticed for rural and small town area. Further examinations are recommended to identify factors associated with the decline

show abstract

“…Social deprivation is strongly associated with suicide, and in Scotland suicide rates cluster with deprivation to the extent that suicide can be regarded as 'geographically contagious' (Exeter 2007). The highest rates of suicide in Scotland, especially for men, are found in remote rural areas (Stark 2004) and remote rural residence is more common in Scotland than in the more densely populated remainder of the UK. Whatever the reasons might be for national differences in suicide rates within the UK, they certainly seem to merit further study since important factors relevant to suicide prevention may emerge.…”

Section: Differences Between England and Scotlandmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…More recently, Gosney & Hawton (2007) found that of 14 deaths by hanging among young people, all of which were agreed to be suicides by a panel of psychiatrists, coroners in West Yorkshire classified 3 as suicides, 5 as open verdicts and 6 as deaths by misadventure. Especially when there has been a recent increase in male suicides by hanging and strangulation in England and Wales (McClure 2000) and an even more striking increase in Scotland (Stark 2004), how such deaths are classified is clearly highly important in assessing whether or by how much Scottish suicide rates are higher. That being said, we are unaware of any equivalent studies on the verdicts of procurators fiscal, and thus we should probably continue to assume that Scottish rates are indeed higher.…”

Section: Fatal Accident Inquiriesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Coping with suicide: a perspective from Scotland

Callender¹,

Eagles²

2009

Adv. psychiatr. treat

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

SuMMARYProcedures following suicide differ in Scotland from elsewhere in the UK and we describe the investigation of deaths by procurators fiscal and fatal accident inquiries that may ensue. Higher Scottish suicide rates, and possible reasons for these, are mentioned. Suicide risk cannot be accurately quantified in individual patients but psychiatrists should take the view that good management can collectively reduce the risk among all patients. We comment on practical and emotional issues for clinicians who are coping with the suicide of a patient. DEClARATION Of INTEREST None.Within the UK, there are some significant differences between countries in official procedures relating to suicide, and this article is intended to complement that of St John-Smith and colleagues (2008, this issue).

show abstract

Trends in suicide in Scotland 1981 – 1999: age, method and geography

Cited by 56 publications

References 27 publications

Hanging as a method of suicide in Ghana: A 10 year autopsy study

Hanging as a method of suicide in Ghana: A 10 year autopsy study

Évolution du suicide au Québec

Coping with suicide: a perspective from Scotland

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About