2011
DOI: 10.1177/0164027510392388
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Trends in the Educational Gradient of U.S. Adult Mortality From 1986 Through 2006 by Race, Gender, and Age Group

Abstract: The educational gradient of U.S. adult mortality became steeper between 1960 and the mid 1980s, but whether it continued to steepen is less clear given a dearth of attention to these trends since that time. This study provides new evidence on trends in the education-mortality gradient from 1986 to 2006 by race, gender, and age among non-Hispanic whites and blacks using data from the 2010 release of the National Health Interview Survey Linked Mortality File. Results show that, for white and black men, the gradi… Show more

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Cited by 176 publications
(182 citation statements)
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References 46 publications
(90 reference statements)
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“…Among women, the difference was similar: 14 years for those with a college education versus 6 years for those with a high school education. The direction of the difference is not surprising given the well-known educational differences in labor market opportunities, health (Crimmins and Saito 2001;Dupre 2008), and life expectancy (Montez et al 2011;Olshansky et al 2012). However, our decompositions show that mortality contributes relatively little (less than 20 %) to the educational differences in WLE and that the remainder of the differences is attributable to weaker labor force attachment among the less-educated.…”
Section: Discussion Main Findingsmentioning
confidence: 98%
“…Among women, the difference was similar: 14 years for those with a college education versus 6 years for those with a high school education. The direction of the difference is not surprising given the well-known educational differences in labor market opportunities, health (Crimmins and Saito 2001;Dupre 2008), and life expectancy (Montez et al 2011;Olshansky et al 2012). However, our decompositions show that mortality contributes relatively little (less than 20 %) to the educational differences in WLE and that the remainder of the differences is attributable to weaker labor force attachment among the less-educated.…”
Section: Discussion Main Findingsmentioning
confidence: 98%
“…Although the gradient grew during the 1960s and 1970s more among White men than among White women, 8,10,12 since the mid-1980s it appears to have grown more among women than among men. 13,14 Among White women in particular, this recent growth reflected declines in mortality among the higher educated alongside increases in mortality among the low educated (mortality continued to decline among low-educated men). 13,14 The reasons for the growth in the gradient among women remain unclear.…”
mentioning
confidence: 99%
“…Recent research has sought to identify the causal pathways of this association (Meara et al 2008;Baker et al 2011;Kunst et al 2010;Montez et al 2011Montez et al , 2012Brown et al 2012). Indeed, we would expect to observe that education has a positive impact on health because of both the high marginal benefit associated with the lifecycle complementarity between health and education, and the low marginal cost of investing in health care for the highly educated.…”
Section: Health Behaviour Along the Prolonged Life Coursementioning
confidence: 95%
“…One prime suspect in this context is the increased prevalence of obesity (Lakdawalla et al 2004;Martin et al 2009Martin et al , 2010. At the same time, there is clear evidence of a widening educational gap in longevity gains in the US (Meara et al 2008;Baker et al 2011;Montez et al 2011Montez et al , 2012Brown et al 2012), with the longevity gains concentrated among those with the highest levels of education. Cutler et al (2006) surveyed the historical and the current mechanisms behind the longevity expansion in both developed and developing countries.…”
Section: The Debate On Healthy Life Expectancy: Demographic and Economentioning
confidence: 99%