Trends in the epidemiology of smoking recorded in UK general practice

Simpson, Colin R; Hippisley‐Cox, Julia; Sheikh, Aziz

doi:10.3399/bjgp10x483544

Cited by 40 publications

(33 citation statements)

References 12 publications

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“…Patients in the later cohorts were older at the time of symptom onset, and were more likely to be RF-positive and anti-CCP-positive, in comparison to patients in the earlier cohorts. Lastly, despite a decrease in the prevalence of smoking in the general population in more recent years 27 , the prevalence of smokers and ex-smokers did not change over time for patients with RA, which is consistent with smoking being a major risk factor for the onset of IP.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 52%

Has the Severity of Rheumatoid Arthritis at Presentation Diminished Over Time?

et al. 2014

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Objective.To examine the pattern of disease severity in patients with rheumatoid arthritis (RA) at presentation to the Norfolk Arthritis Register (NOAR) over 20 years.Methods.NOAR is a primary-care–based cohort of patients with recent-onset inflammatory polyarthritis. At baseline, subjects are assessed and examined by a research nurse. The Health Assessment Questionnaire (HAQ) is administered and the DAS28 (28-joint Disease Activity Score) is calculated. Information is collected on disease-modifying antirheumatic drug exposure. In this study, patients (symptom duration of < 2 years at baseline) were grouped into 4 cohorts (Cohort 1: 1990–1994; Cohort 2: 1995–1999; Cohort 3: 2000–2004; Cohort 4: 2005–2008). The American College of Rheumatology/European League Against Rheumatism (ACR/EULAR) 2010 criteria for RA were applied retrospectively at baseline. Regression analyses were used to examine whether calendar year of presentation to NOAR was associated with baseline HAQ and DAS28 scores. Potential confounders included age at symptom onset, sex, rheumatoid factor, and anticyclic citrullinated peptide antibody positivity.Results.A total of 1724 patients met the ACR/EULAR 2010 RA criteria at baseline. Unadjusted mean DAS28 scores decreased over time. Calendar year of presentation to NOAR was significantly associated with lower DAS28 scores over time [Y = 4.51 + (–0.56 × year) + (0.44 × year2)]. Although unadjusted median HAQ scores increased over time, calendar year of presentation to NOAR was not significantly associated with HAQ scores [Y = (1.1) + (0.023 × year) + (0.05 × year2)]. Similar results were observed in each subpopulation of patients.Conclusion.While baseline disease activity has lessened slightly over time, there has been no improvement in baseline levels of functional disability.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 52%

Has the Severity of Rheumatoid Arthritis at Presentation Diminished Over Time?

et al. 2014

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“…In this vein, it is likely that the 2004 Public Service Agreement in England objectives of reducing overall adult smoking rates from 26% to 21% or less by 2010 5 are likely to be surpassed. 6 However, it is unclear whether, in routine and manual workers, in whom smoking prevalence is considerably higher, the more ambitious targets to reduce prevalence will be achieved. This study of national trends in the epidemiology of COPD was commissioned by the Chief Medical Officer for England because of growing concern about the high prevalence, disease burden, and healthcare costs (£800 million/€936 million annually) associated with COPD (and other respiratory disorders), and is being used to inform policy deliberations on respiratory service provision in England.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Trends in the epidemiology of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease in England: a national study of 51 804 patients

Simpson

Hippisley‐Cox

Sheikh³

2010

Br J Gen Pract

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Patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) constitute a substantial burden to healthcare services. Analysis of national healthcare datasets offers the possibility to advance understanding about the changing epidemiology of COPD. AimTo investigate the epidemiology of physician-diagnosed COPD in general practice. Design of studyCross-sectional study. SettingsA total of 422 general practices in England contributing to the QRESEARCH database. MethodData were extracted on 2.8 million patients, including age, sex, socioeconomic status, and geographical area. Trends over time for recorded physician diagnosis of COPD were analysed (2001)(2002)(2003)(2004)(2005). ResultsThere was little change over time in the incidence rate of COPD (2005: ConclusionGiven the peak in the incidence rate of COPD, we may be approaching the summit of COPD incidence and prevalence in England. However, the number of people affected remains high and poses a major challenge for health services, particularly those in the north east of the country and in the most deprived communities in England. The very limited decrease in smoking rates among the more deprived groups of patients with COPD is also a cause for concern.

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“…This low percentage is no surprise, given that smoking usually affects older, less educated and socioeconomically deprived populations [16,17]. The prevalence of smoking did not differ according to asthma diagnoses, which is a surprise, given that one would expect that patients suffering from asthma would refrain from smoking.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Asthma Prevalence and Risk Factors Analysis in Tricity University Students’ Group

Romantowski

Gawinowska

Cyrny

et al. 2015

Advances in Respiratory Medicine

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Introduction: Asthma is the most prevalent chronic disease in a young and middle age population worldwide. It is also one of the main reasons for the lost working days and lost days at school. Several epidemiological surveys have evidenced an increase in the prevalence of asthma in Poland. This trend is further evident in urban areas such as Tricity (Gdańsk, Sopot, Gdynia). The aim of the study was to assess the prevalence of the disease as well as the risk factors affecting the university student population. Material and methods: Two surveys were distributed electronically to students of the four major universities in Tricity. The first survey contained nine questions concerning asthma diagnoses and symptoms. The second survey, which evaluated the occurrence of identified risk factors, was sent to students who answered the first survey. Asthmatics also received an Asthma Control Test (ACT). The results were analyzed using the Statistica 10 software. Study group consisted of 1380 students: 1031 (75%) women and 349 (25%) men; the average age was 22.2. Results: Asthma was diagnosed in 138 students (9.6%), additionally 76 students (5.5%) reported asthmatic symptoms; however, these students had no previous diagnoses. Asthma tended to occur more frequently in students living in poorly maintained houses (19%) (p = 0.06), in contrast to those living in a normal environment (10%). According to their ACTs, 81% of diagnosed patients reported that their asthma was well-controlled. Conclusions: Asthma is becoming an important issue for Tricity students. Educational activities aimed at raising university students' awareness regarding asthma treatment and control should be implemented.

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Trends in the epidemiology of smoking recorded in UK general practice

Cited by 40 publications

References 12 publications

Has the Severity of Rheumatoid Arthritis at Presentation Diminished Over Time?

Has the Severity of Rheumatoid Arthritis at Presentation Diminished Over Time?

Trends in the epidemiology of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease in England: a national study of 51 804 patients

Asthma Prevalence and Risk Factors Analysis in Tricity University Students’ Group

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