Trends of Malaria Prevalence in Selected Districts of Kaffa Zone, Southwest Ethiopia

Abstract

Background. Malaria remains one of the world's major public health issues, particularly in low- and middle-income countries. In Ethiopia, cases have declined over the last decade, and attempts to eradicate the illness are underway. The purpose of this study was to determine trends in malaria prevalence in selected areas of the Kaffa zone during the last five years (Decha and Gimbo districts). Methods. All malaria cases registered from 2017 to 2021 were reviewed to assess the trends of malaria prevalence. A checklist was used to collect the secondary data from registers and entered it into an Excel spreadsheet, which was then exported to the Statistical Package for the Social Sciences (SPSS) version 25.0 for analysis. The malaria incidence rate was calculated with the total number of person-years as the denominator and the number of new cases as the numerator. Seasons, years, gender, age, and malaria parasite species were all used to show trends in malaria transmission in the areas. Tables and figures were used to present the data. Results. Out of 20,045 individuals screened for malaria, 13.6% (2,732/20,045) of them were recorded to have Plasmodium species tested using microscopy and rapid diagnostic test (RDT). Plasmodium falciparum, Plasmodium vivax, and mixed infections (Plasmodium falciparum + Plasmodium vivax) accounted for 1200 (5.9%), 1114 (5.56%), and 418 (2.09%) of the confirmed malaria cases, respectively. Overall, malaria incidence decreased with an interannual variation, from 4.08 cases per 1000 person-years in 2017 to 3.62 cases per 1000 person-years in 2018, then increased to 4.94 cases per 1000 person-years in 2021. Conclusion. The malaria trend over the last five years has revealed a nonconsistent pattern of cases in different years. The number of malaria cases has shown an increase over the period of 2017 to 2021. Interannual and intra-annual variations have been observed in the transmission of the disease.

Analysing the six-year malaria trends at Metehara Health Centre in Central Ethiopia: the impact of resurgence on the 2030 elimination goals

“…Despite the implementation of various control and elimination strategies [ 2 , 3 ], a substantial malaria burden persists at the study site. Comparable prevalence reports from Dembecha [ 39 ], Kaffa zone [ 40 ], Sibu Sire [ 41 ], and Dembia [ 42 ] are in line with the current study’s findings, while Mojo Health Centre [ 8 ], University of Gondar Specialized Referral Hospital [ 9 ], and Ataye [ 43 ] showed a lower prevalence in comparison. The higher prevalence observed in the present study may be attributed to the geographical features and environmental conditions of the research area.…”

Analyzing the six-year malaria prevalence trends at Metehara Health Center, Central Ethiopia (2017/18–2022/23): Unveiling the resurgence and its impact on malaria elimination goals by 2030—A retrospective study

“…Despite the implementation of various control and elimination strategies [2,3], a substantial malaria burden persists at the study site. Our ndings align with comparable prevalence reported in Dembecha [20], Kaffa zone [21], Sibu Sire [22], and Dembia [23], while differing signi cantly from studies in Bale Zone [24], Arjo-Didessa sugar development site [25], and Harari [26]. Notably, our results show lower prevalence compared to Mojo health center [6], Ataye [27], and University of Gondar Specialized Referral Hospital [7].…”

Trends of malaria cases (plasmodium species) in Gute Health Center, Wayu Tuka District, East Wollega Zone, (2013–2022): A cross‐sectional study

“…This implies that malaria cases and deaths in 2019 and 2020 increased as compared to 2017 and 2018 reports. In line with these reports, the overall burden of malaria cases and deaths was evenlyy distributed in Africa and P. falciparum took the lionshare, saccountingdford more than 99.00% cases 2–4 …”

“…In line with these reports, the overall burden of malaria cases and deaths was evenlyy distributed in Africa and P. falciparum took the lionshare, saccountingdford more than 99.00% cases. [2][3][4] Despite several efforts to minimize the mortality and morbidity rates related with malaria cases, the disease remains a major problem across Africa, notably in Ethiopia. 3 In Ethiopia, more than 65% of the land mass of the country (seasonal variations and rain fall) make the country more endemic to the malaria and put a significant proportion of the community at the risk of malaria diseases.…”