2006
DOI: 10.1002/oa.860
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Trepanation in the Chachapoya region of northern Perú

Abstract: This paper discusses trepanation frequency data from the Chachapoya region of the northern highlands of Perú . New data from three skeletal samples are presented: Kuelap, Laguna Huayabamba, and Los Pinchudos, as well as isolated crania housed at the Chachapoya Museo Instituto Nacional de Cultura. The vast majority of the trepanations are circular in shape, except for one individual exhibiting as many as three roughly square trepanations. Evidence for healing is prevalent, with examples of both associated perio… Show more

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Cited by 16 publications
(15 citation statements)
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“…The scraping method for large trepanations has not been clearly identified in unhealed or healed trepanations among Chachapoya samples (Nystrom, 2007), nor is this pattern similar to reports of the smaller, localized suprainion trepanations found in juveniles from the coast (Kato et al, 2007;Weiss, 1958). Finally, the location of these lesions, located centrally and posteriorly along a sagittal plane, is less frequently seen in trepanations, which occur most commonly on the parietal bosses and anterior portion of the vault (Toyne, 2014).…”
Section: Trepanationssupporting
confidence: 56%
See 1 more Smart Citation
“…The scraping method for large trepanations has not been clearly identified in unhealed or healed trepanations among Chachapoya samples (Nystrom, 2007), nor is this pattern similar to reports of the smaller, localized suprainion trepanations found in juveniles from the coast (Kato et al, 2007;Weiss, 1958). Finally, the location of these lesions, located centrally and posteriorly along a sagittal plane, is less frequently seen in trepanations, which occur most commonly on the parietal bosses and anterior portion of the vault (Toyne, 2014).…”
Section: Trepanationssupporting
confidence: 56%
“…The anatomy of the cranial vault is important when considering how it responds to traumatic injury and the admission and spread Existing research in cranial vault lesions from various regions of South America's central Andes has generally focused on cranial trauma, fracture patterns, and trepanations (Allison and Pezzia, 1976;Andrushko and Verano, 2008;Andrushko and Torres, 2011;Gerszten et al, 1998;Kurin, 2014;Moodie, 1919;Nystrom, 2007;Nystrom and Toyne, 2014;Toyne, 2011b;Tung, 2007;Verano and Andrushko, 2010). In addition, other studies have explored pathological modification resulting from dietary or infectious agents, including vault porotic hyperostosis (Blom et al, 2005;Ortner, 2003;Walker et al, 2009), scurvy (Ortner and Ericksen, 1997), and trepanomatosis (Allison et al, 1982;Klaus and Ortner, 2014;Standen and Arriaza, 2000;Vradenburg, 2001).…”
Section: Introductionmentioning
confidence: 99%
“…Although the Cuzco practitioners seemed to rely on a standardized set of trepanation practices, methods in other regions varied. In the Chachapoya region of northern Peru, Nystrom (2007) documented circular grooving and boring trepanations, and suggested that the circular grooving technique contributed to a higher survival rate. Verano's (2003b) study found a range of techniques used throughout the Andes, with scraping representing the earliest adopted method, linear cutting being the most common in the central highlands, and circular grooving developing in the southern highlands during the Late Horizon.…”
Section: Discussion Trepanation and Medical Treatment In Prehistoric mentioning
confidence: 99%
“…Geographically, trepanation was concentrated in certain regions of Peru, such as Paracas on the southern Peruvian coast (Tello and Mejía Xesspe, 1979), the Huarochiri and Jauyos provinces in the central highlands (Tello, 1913), and Cuzco in the southern highlands (Stewart, 1958). Trepanation was also practiced in the late Prehispanic period in the Chachapoya region of northern highland Peru (Jakobsen et al, 1987;Nystrom, 2007).…”
mentioning
confidence: 99%
“…2), using either stone or metal implements (Lisowski, 1967). There appear to be regional patterns in preferred methods; notably, most trepanations in the Chachapoyas region employ a drilling or boring method (Nystrom, 2007;Toyne, 2014), while scraping and circular grooving predominate in the southern Andean highlands (Andrushko and Verano, 2008;Kurin, 2013). …”
Section: Trepanation Techniquesmentioning
confidence: 99%