Tri-tube Freeze-core Procedure for Sampling Stream Gravels

Lotspeich, Frederick B.; Reid, Barry H.

doi:10.1577/1548-8659(1980)42[96:tfpfss]2.0.co;2

Cited by 12 publications

(12 citation statements)

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“…Also, freeze-cores can be collected in flows deeper and faster than those appropriate for McNeil and pipe samplers. Freeze-core sampling is discussed by Walcotten (1973Walcotten ( , 1976, Adams and Beschta (1980), Everest et al (1980), Lotspeich and Reid (1980), Reader (1981, 1982), Platts et al (1983), Thomas and Rand (1991), Young et al (1991), Thoms (1992), Hogan et al (1993), Rood and Church (1994), and Milhous et al (1995).…”

Section: Freeze-coresmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Problems with freeze-core sampling stem from the difficulty of pounding a rod into a streambed, disruption of the bed stratification due to pounding, the extensive amount of equipment, and the cost (several thousand dollars). In order to enlarge the freeze-core, and include larger particles in the sample, Lotspeich and Reid (1980), and Everest et al (1980) developed the tri-tube freeze sampler. Three rods are arranged in a triangular fashion and driven into the streambed through templates at the upper end of tubes to ensure that the distance of the tubes relative to each other remains constant between 3.8 and 7.6 cm (Fig.…”

Section: Freeze-coresmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Sampling surface and subsurface particle-size distributions in wadable gravel-and cobble-bed streams for analyses in sediment transport, hydraulics, and streambed monitoring

Bunte¹,

Abt²

2001

534

553

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Section: Freeze-coresmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Freeze-coresmentioning

confidence: 99%

Sampling surface and subsurface particle-size distributions in wadable gravel-and cobble-bed streams for analyses in sediment transport, hydraulics, and streambed monitoring

Bunte¹,

Abt²

2001

534

553

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show abstract

“…Adams and Beschta (1980) also reported that the single-probe freeze-core sampler was biased in favor of large particles; they hypothesized that only a small portion of a large particle needed to be frozen to the probe to be sampled. Lotspeich and Reid (1980) suggested that the triple-probe freeze-core sampler would overcome this problem, but we found that it also oversampled large particles.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 80%

“…Again, this observation conflicts with the suggestion that the triple-probe freeze-core sampler should collect less biased samples than the single-probe device (Everest et al 1980). Differences in the samples collected by dissimilar samplers also contrast with the suggestion that freeze-core and McNeil samples were similar (Everest et al 1980;Lotspeich and Reid 1980;Shirazi et al 1981). However, Ringler (1970) also reported differences between freeze-core and McNeil samples.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 94%

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Biases Associated with Four Stream Substrate Samplers

Young¹,

Hubert²,

Wesche³

1991

Can. J. Fish. Aquat. Sci.

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. Wesche. 1991. Biases associated with four stream substrate samplers.We compared samples collected from 10 substrates of various compositions with a single-probe freeze-core sampler, a triple-probe freeze-core sampler, a McNeil sampler, and a shovel. The accuracy with which these devices sampled particles larger than 50 mm in diameter varied; they were oversampled by the freeze-core devices, sampled in proportion to their availability by a shovel, and sampled inconsistently by the McNeil Sam-' pler. The geometric mean particle size and variance of single-probe freeze-core samples consistently exceeded those of samples collected with the other devices. Most sample means also exceeded the test substrate means. By excluding the proportions of particles larger than 50 mm in diameter in our analyses, we found that proportions of several particles sizes in samples collected by different methods differed significantly from the actual proportions in test substrates. There were few differences between the single-and triple-probe freeze-core samples or between McNeil and shovel samples. All four samplers were biased, but the McNeil sampler most frequently produced samples that approximated the true substrate composition.

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Carbon Inputs From Riparian Vegetation Limit Oxidation of Physically Bound Organic Carbon Via Biochemical and Thermodynamic Processes

et al. 2017

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In light of increasing terrestrial carbon (C) transport across aquatic boundaries, the mechanisms governing organic carbon (OC) oxidation along terrestrial‐aquatic interfaces are crucial to future climate predictions. Here we investigate the biochemistry, metabolic pathways, and thermodynamics corresponding to OC oxidation in the Columbia River corridor using ultrahigh‐resolution C characterization. We leverage natural vegetative differences to encompass variation in terrestrial C inputs. Our results suggest that decreases in terrestrial C deposition associated with diminished riparian vegetation induce oxidation of physically bound OC. We also find that contrasting metabolic pathways oxidize OC in the presence and absence of vegetation and—in direct conflict with the “priming” concept—that inputs of water‐soluble and thermodynamically favorable terrestrial OC protect bound‐OC from oxidation. In both environments, the most thermodynamically favorable compounds appear to be preferentially oxidized regardless of which OC pool microbiomes metabolize. In turn, we suggest that the extent of riparian vegetation causes sediment microbiomes to locally adapt to oxidize a particular pool of OC but that common thermodynamic principles govern the oxidation of each pool (i.e., water‐soluble or physically bound). Finally, we propose a mechanistic conceptualization of OC oxidation along terrestrial‐aquatic interfaces that can be used to model heterogeneous patterns of OC loss under changing land cover distributions.

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Tri-tube Freeze-core Procedure for Sampling Stream Gravels

Cited by 12 publications

References 0 publications

Sampling surface and subsurface particle-size distributions in wadable gravel-and cobble-bed streams for analyses in sediment transport, hydraulics, and streambed monitoring

Sampling surface and subsurface particle-size distributions in wadable gravel-and cobble-bed streams for analyses in sediment transport, hydraulics, and streambed monitoring

Biases Associated with Four Stream Substrate Samplers

Carbon Inputs From Riparian Vegetation Limit Oxidation of Physically Bound Organic Carbon Via Biochemical and Thermodynamic Processes

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