Triacylglycerol biodegradation experiment in marine environmental conditions: definition of a new lipolysis index

Goutx, Madeleine; Guigue, Catherine; Striby, L

doi:10.1016/s0146-6380(03)00119-0

Cited by 33 publications

(37 citation statements)

References 38 publications

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“…4). These observations are in good agreement with the results of Goutx et al (2003) who observed the concomittant hydrolysis of tripalmitin and FFA production/degradation during aerobic TG decay in bacteria-inoculated seawater. Also, high rates of hydrolysis of FA-containing lipids have been reported during aerobic incubation conducted either with soils (Hita et al, 1996) or with archaeological ceramic potsherds (Dudd et al, 1998), and an accumulation of FFA was never observed.…”

Section: Influence Of Oxygen On Tg Hydrolysis and Fa Degradationsupporting

confidence: 92%

“…3) demonstrated that hydrolysis of TG occurred (Goutx et al, 2003). The increase in the ratio (FFA+MG+1,2-DG)/TG observed during the oxic and the oscillating incubations showed that the presence of oxygen in sediments stimulates the hydrolysis of TG (Fig.…”

Section: Influence Of Oxygen On Tg Hydrolysis and Fa Degradationmentioning

confidence: 85%

“…Free fatty acids (FFA), monoacylglycerols (MG) and diacylglycerols (1,2-DG and 1,3-DG) are the main acyl lipid breakdown products of TG through enzymatic or chemical hydrolysis (Parrish, 1988;Goutx et al, 2003). FFA, MG and DG were not detected or were present in small amounts in the initial plugs, but were formed during the experiment.…”

Section: Patterns Of Tg and Individual Fa Decaymentioning

confidence: 99%

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Influence of various redox conditions on the degradation of microalgal triacylglycerols and fatty acids in marine sediments

Caradec

Grossi

Gilbert

et al. 2004

Organic Geochemistry

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. Influence of various redox conditions on the degradation of microalgal triacylglycerols and fatty acids in marine sediments. Organic Geochemistry, Elsevier, 2004, vol. 35, pp. 277-287. <10.1016/j.orggeochem.2003 This is an author-deposited version published in: http://oatao.univ-toulouse.fr/ Eprints ID: 6101 Abstract Sediment cakes, supplemented with microalgal cells (Nannochloropsis salina), were incubated for 35 days under permanently oxic, oscillating (5d:5d changeover oxic/anoxic) and strictly anoxic conditions of oxygenation in diffusively ''open'' sedimentary systems. Total lipids (T Lip ) and triacylglycerols (TG) concentrations were monitored by thin layer chromatography-flame ionisation detection, whereas the concentrations of the main extractable (free+ester-bound) individual fatty acids (C 16:0 , C 16:1 , C 18:1 ) were followed using gas chromatography-mass spectrometry. Under the three conditions of oxygenation, TOC, T Lip and TG showed a sharp decrease in concentration during the early days of incubation and seemed to stabilise thereafter, defining an apparent non degradable fraction (G NR ). The G NR content was systematically higher in the anoxic incubation than under the oxic and oscillating conditions. The ratio of the main hydrolysis products of TG versus TG [(Free fatty acids+Monoacylglycerols+1,2-Diacylglycerols)/TG], used as an indicator of the hydrolysis of TG, showed that the presence of oxygen in the sediments (oxic and oscillating conditions) stimulates the hydrolysis of TG and the subsequent degradation of their metabolites. Unlike TOC, T Lip and TG, individual fatty acids (FA) showed a continuous concentration decrease until the end of the experiment, which was fitted with a simple first order model [G (t) ) incubations, and no significant difference between individual FA could be observed. The production of saturated and monounsaturated C 16 (and to a lesser extent C 18 ) alkanols under oscillating and anoxic redox conditions suggested that (a part of) the dominant FA were reduced to the corresponding alcohols under anoxic conditions, following their release from acylglycerols.

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Section: Influence Of Oxygen On Tg Hydrolysis and Fa Degradationsupporting

confidence: 92%

Section: Influence Of Oxygen On Tg Hydrolysis and Fa Degradationmentioning

confidence: 85%

Section: Patterns Of Tg and Individual Fa Decaymentioning

confidence: 99%

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Influence of various redox conditions on the degradation of microalgal triacylglycerols and fatty acids in marine sediments

Caradec

Grossi

Gilbert

et al. 2004

Organic Geochemistry

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“…NetTrap particles were quite rich in chromatographically resolvable amino acids, sugars, and lipids indicating freshly biosynthesized organic matter. The particles were slightly more enriched in proteins and lipids than during an earlier May 1995 cruise (10-27% and 10-28%, respectively; Goutx et al 2000), whereas carbohydrates were similar (Panagiotopoulos and Sempéré 2005). Values fell within the range reported for time-series sediment trap data collected in May 2003 at the same site (Wakeham et al unpubl.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 81%

“…This result is consistent with observations made using an independent settling-velocity sediment trap deployed at 200 m at the same time, for which the bulk of mass and organic carbon was associated with particles settling at rates of .200 m d 21 (Peterson et al 2005). High particle settling velocities ($600 m d 21 ) were also estimated from the time lag between lipid signatures in surface particles and 200 m drifting traps at the DYFAMED site during the DYNAPROC (Dynamique des Processes Rapides dans la colonne d'eau) cruise (Goutx et al 2000).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Composition and degradation of marine particles with different settling velocities in the northwestern Mediterranean Sea

Goutx¹,

Wakeham

Lee

et al. 2007

Limnology & Oceanography

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Settling particles were collected from the Ligurian Sea in the northwestern Mediterranean Sea in May 2003 and separated by elutriation into different settling velocity classes (.230, 115-230, 58-115, and ,58 m d 21 ). Particles of the different classes were incubated for 5 d to study their biodegradability. Particulate opal content and organic compound composition (amino acids, pigments, lipids, and carbohydrates) were analyzed initially and at regular time intervals during the incubation period. Most particles (48-67% of total mass) sank at greater than 230 m d 21 and were dominated by large diatom-derived aggregates produced during the spring bloom period. The initial organic composition and the biological lability of these particles varied with settling velocity. The strong phytoplankton signal was visible in all settling velocity classes, while slower settling particles carried with them a greater zooplankton and bacterial signature. As the different class particles decomposed, their compositions changed and became more similar with time, with a dominance of compounds that suggests a more degraded state: the amino acids c-aminobutyric acid and b-alanine, the pigments pyropheophorbide and pheophytin, the deoxysugars fucose and rhamnose, and lipid metabolites (diglycerides and monoglycerides, alcohols, and free fatty acids). Biogenic opal in the particles dissolved faster in more degraded particles than in fresher particles, suggesting that loss of organic matter may expose opal to dissolution. The coupling of settling velocity and decomposition rate measurements shows quantitatively that slower settling particles are quickly degraded and AcknowledgmentsThis research was part of the MedFlux and PECHE (Production and Export of Carbon: Control by Heterotrophs at small temporal scale) programs and was supported by the U.S. National Science Foundation Chemical Oceanography Program (OCE-0136370, OCE-0136318, and OCE-0113687) and the French CNRS (Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique), respectively. Participation of B.M. was funded by ORFOIS (Origin and Fate of Biogetic Particle Fluxes in the ocean) (EVK2-CT2001-00100). We thank Michael Peterson, Lynn Abramson, Jenni Szlosek, Meaghan Askea, and Isabell Putnam for shipboard and laboratory help; David Hirschberg and Michael Peterson for CHN analysis; Claude Mante for help with statistical data treatment; and the captain and crew of the RV Seward Johnson II. We wish to acknowledge the associate editor and two anonymous reviewers for very helpful comments and suggestions on the manuscript. This is MedFlux contribution 7 and MSRC contribution 1318.

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Molecular characterization of dissolved organic matter (DOM): a critical review

2012

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Advances in water chemistry in the last decade have improved our knowledge about the genesis, composition, and structure of dissolved organic matter, and its effect on the environment. Improvements in analytical technology, for example Fourier-transform ion cyclotron (FT-ICR) mass spectrometry (MS), homo and hetero-correlated multidimensional nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) spectroscopy, and excitation emission matrix fluorimetry (EEMF) with parallel factor (PARAFAC) analysis for UV-fluorescence spectroscopy have resulted in these advances. Improved purification methods, for example ultrafiltration and reverse osmosis, have enabled facile desalting and concentration of freshly collected DOM samples, thereby complementing the analytical process. Although its molecular weight (MW) remains undefined, DOM is described as a complex mixture of low-MW substances and larger-MW biomolecules, for example proteins, polysaccharides, and exocellular macromolecules. There is a general consensus that marine DOM originates from terrestrial and marine sources. A combination of diagenetic and microbial processes contributes to its origin, resulting in refractory organic matter which acts as carbon sink in the ocean. Ocean DOM is derived partially from humified products of plants decay dissolved in fresh water and transported to the ocean, and partially from proteinaceous and polysaccharide material from phytoplankton metabolism, which undergoes in-situ microbial processes, becoming refractory. Some of the DOM interacts with radiation and is, therefore, defined as chromophoric DOM (CDOM). CDOM is classified as terrestrial, marine, anthropogenic, or mixed, depending on its origin. Terrestrial CDOM reaches the oceans via estuaries, whereas autochthonous CDOM is formed in sea water by microbial activity; anthropogenic CDOM is a result of human activity. CDOM also affects the quality of water, by shielding it from solar radiation, and constitutes a carbon sink pool. Evidence in support of the hypothesis that part of marine DOM is of terrestrial origin, being the result of a long-term carbon sedimentation, has been obtained from several studies discussed herein.

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Triacylglycerol biodegradation experiment in marine environmental conditions: definition of a new lipolysis index

Cited by 33 publications

References 38 publications

Influence of various redox conditions on the degradation of microalgal triacylglycerols and fatty acids in marine sediments

Influence of various redox conditions on the degradation of microalgal triacylglycerols and fatty acids in marine sediments

Composition and degradation of marine particles with different settling velocities in the northwestern Mediterranean Sea

Molecular characterization of dissolved organic matter (DOM): a critical review

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