Triacylglycerols, Glycerophospholipids, Tocopherols, and Tocotrienols in Berries and Seeds of Two Subspecies (ssp. sinensis and mongolica) of Sea Buckthorn (Hippopha>ë rhamnoides)

Abstract

Berries and seeds of two subspecies (ssp. sinensis and mongolica) of sea buckthorn (Hippophaë rhamnoides L.) were compared in terms of triacylglycerols, glycerophospholipids, tocopherols, and tocotrienols. The berries of ssp. mongolica contained less oleic acid (4.6 vs 20.2%, p < 0.001) and more palmitic (33.9 vs 27.4%, p < 0.01) and palmitoleic (32.8 vs 21.9%, p < 0.05) acids in triacylglycerols than those of ssp. sinensis. The proportions of linoleic acid (32.1 vs 22.2%, p < 0.01, in berries; 47.7 vs 42.7%, p < 0.05, in seeds) and palmitic acid (21.1 vs 16.4%, p < 0.001, in berries; 17.0 vs 14.1%, p < 0.05, in seeds) in glycerolphospholipids were higher in ssp. mongolica than in ssp. sinensis, and vice versa with oleic acid (4.3 vs 18.5% in berries, 10.0 vs 22.2% in seeds, p < 0.001). A higher proportion of alpha-linolenic acid was also found in the glycerophospholipids of ssp. sinensis berries (16.2 vs 10.1%, p < 0.001). alpha-, beta-, gamma-, and delta-tocopherols constituted 93-98% of total tocopherols and tocotrienols in seeds, and alpha-tocopherol alone constituted 76-89% in berries. The total contents of tocopherols and tocotrienols varied within the ranges of 84-318 and 56-140 mg kg(-1) in seeds and whole berries, respectively. The seeds of ssp. mongolica were a better source of tocopherols and tocotrienols than those of ssp. sinensis (287 vs 122 mg kg(-1), p < 0.001). The compositional differences between the two subspecies should be considered when the berries are bred and exploited for nutritional purposes.

GC-MS Analysis and Antioxidant Activity of Bauhinia nakhonphanomensis Leaf Ethanolic Extract

“…21 Phenolic compounds are one of the largest and most ubiquitous groups of plant metabolites. 22 Several studies have described the antioxidant properties of medicinal plants that had rich phenolic compounds.…”

Effects of sea buckthorn berries on infections and inflammation: a double-blind, randomized, placebo-controlled trial

“…The flavonolglycosides and vitamin C content of the sea buckthorn puree were analyzed using highperformance liquid chromatograph (HPLC)-UV methods Tiitinen et al, 2005). For the analysis of vitamin E content an HPLC method with fluorescence detection was used (Kallio et al, 2002b). The oil content of the product was analyzed gravimetrically using a chloroform-methanol extraction method (Tiitinen et al, 2005).…”

Characterization of fatty acids, bioactive lipids, and radical scavenging activity of Canterbury bells seed oil

“…γ-tocopherol occurred in high concentrations in camelina, linseed, coldpressed rapeseed and corn oil (Schwarz et al, 2008). α-tocopherol is the most efficient antioxidant of tocopherols, while β-tocopherol has 25-50% of the antioxidative activity of α-tocopherol, and γ-isomer 10-35% (Kallio et al, 2002). Despite agreement that α-tocopherol is the most efficient antioxidant in vivo, studies indicate a considerable discrepancy in its absolute and relative antioxidant effectiveness in vitro, especially when compared to γ-tocopherol (Kamal-Eldin and Appelqvist, 1996).…”