Triassic temnospondyls of the Pranhita–Godavari basin, India

Sengupta, Dhurjati P.

doi:10.1016/s1367-9120(02)00114-1

Cited by 17 publications

(22 citation statements)

References 17 publications

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“…The oldest of the Indian dinosaur-bearing formations is the Lower Maleri Formation (Chatterjee 1987), which has a rich fossil vertebrate fauna composed of dipnoans, xenacanthids, metoposaurs, dicynodonts, cynodonts, 'protorosaurs', rhynchosaurs, parasuchians, aetosaurs, and dinosaurs (Roy Chowdhury 1965;Kutty 1969;Chatterjee 1974Chatterjee , 1978Chatterjee , 1980aChatterjee , 1982Chatterjee , 1987Kutty et al 1987Kutty et al , 2007Kutty & Sengupta 1989;Langer 2005;Hungerbü hler et al 2002;Sengupta 2002Sengupta , 2003Bandyopadhyay & Sengupta 2006). The Lower Maleri Formation has been correlated with the Hyperodapedon AZ (Assemblage-Zone) of the Ischigualasto-Villa Unió n Basin, Figure 1 Geological map showing the outcrops in the Pranhita-Godavari Valley of Andhra Pradesh and the localities from which the specimens reported here were collected (modified from Kutty & Sengupta 1989).…”

Section: Lower Maleri Formationmentioning

confidence: 99%

New dinosaur species from the Upper Triassic Upper Maleri and Lower Dharmaram formations of Central India

Novas

Ezcurra

Chatterjee

et al. 2010

Earth and Environmental Science Transactions of the Royal Socie

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The beginning of dinosaur evolution is currently known based on a handful of highly informative Gondwanan outcrops of Ischigualastian age (late Carnian-early Norian). The richest Triassic dinosaur records of the southern continents are those of South America and South Africa, with taxonomically diverse faunas, whereas faunas from India and central Africa are more poorly known. Here, the known diversity of Gondwanan Triassic dinosaurs is increased with new specimens from central India, which allow a more comprehensive characterisation of these dinosaur assemblages. Five dinosauriform specimens are reported from the probable late Norian-earliest Rhaetian Upper Maleri Formation, including two new sauropodomorph species, the nonplateosaurian Nambalia roychowdhurii and the plateosaurian Jaklapallisaurus asymmetrica, a guaibasaurid and two basal dinosauriforms. The Lower Dharmaram Formation, probably latest Norian-Rhaetian in age, includes basal sauropodomorph and neotheropod remains, providing the second record of a Triassic Gondwanan neotheropod. The currently available evidence suggests that the oldest known Gondwanan dinosaur assemblages (Ischigualastian) were not homogeneous, but more diverse in South America than in India. In addition, the Upper Maleri and Lower Dharmaram dinosaur assemblages resemble purported coeval South American and European beds in the presence of basal sauropodomorphs. Accordingly, the current available evidence of the Triassic beds of the Pranhita-Godavari Basin suggests that dinosaurs increased in diversity and abundance during the late Norian to Rhaetian in this region of Gondwana.

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Section: Lower Maleri Formationmentioning

confidence: 99%

New dinosaur species from the Upper Triassic Upper Maleri and Lower Dharmaram formations of Central India

Novas

Ezcurra

Chatterjee

et al. 2010

Earth and Environmental Science Transactions of the Royal Socie

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“…Among these, the Lower Maleri Formation bears the richer fauna, which usually is considered for intercontinental correlation. Its assemblage of fossil tetrapods includes (1) the temnospondyl Metoposaurus maleriensis (Roy-Chowdhury, 1965;Sengupta, 2002Sengupta, , 2003, (2) the prolacertiform Malerisaurus (Chatterjee, 1980b), (3) the rhynchosaur Hyperodapedon (Chatterjee, 1974), (4) the basal phytosaur Parasuchus (Chatterjee, 1978;Hungerbü hler and Chatterjee, 2002), (5) fragmentary aetosaur remains that might be assigned to Longosuchus , (6) the basal saurischian Alwalkeria (Chatterjee, 1987), (7) undescribed 'prosauropod' (cf. Massospondylus) remains (Kutty and Sengupta, 1989), (8) undescribed dicynodont remains (Kutty and Sengupta, 1989), and (9) the treversodontid Exaeretodon statisticae (Chatterjee, 1982).…”

Section: Tracing the Ischigualastian Throughout South Pangeamentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The fauna of the Upper Maleri Formation includes (1) two chigutisaurid temnospondyls, Compsocerops and Kuttycephalus (Sengupta, 1995(Sengupta, , 2003Warren and Marsicano, 2000); (2) two phytosaurs with affinities to Rutiodon (ZAngistorhinus) and Leptosuchus (Hungerbühler and Chatterjee, 2002); and (3) fragmentary and undescribed aetosaur, prosauropod, and dicynodont material (Kutty and Sengupta, 1989). Because Hyperodapedon and Exaeretodon apparently disappear in the transition between the Lower and Upper Maleri Formations, the latter is considered younger than the Ischigualasto fauna.…”

Section: Tracing the Ischigualastian Throughout South Pangeamentioning

confidence: 99%

Studies on continental Late Triassic tetrapod biochronology. II. The Ischigualastian and a Carnian global correlation

Langer

2005

Journal of South American Earth Sciences

100

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The Ischigualastian represents a key land vertebrate faunachron for the correlation of Late Triassic terrestrial deposits worldwide, based on the abundant and diverse tetrapod fauna of the Ischigualasto Formation, NW Argentina. The first appearance data of the rhynchosaur Hyperodapedon and the dicynodont Jachaleria define its lower and upper limits, respectively. Fossil taxa that characterize the Ischigualastian include Hyperodapedon, the cynodont Exaeretodon, the aetosaur Aetosauroides, and herrerasaurid dinosaurs. On the basis of faunal similarities, the Ischigualastian can be traced throughout south Pangea to encompass the fossil assemblages of the Hyperodapedon assemblage zone, Santa Maria Formation, south Brazil; the Pebbly Arkose Formation, Zimbabwe; and the Lower Maleri Formation, India. This correlation contradicts tetrapod-based Late Triassic biochronologies that divide the Carnian epoch into two land vertebrate faunachrons, Otischalkian and Adamanian, on the basis of the succession of faunas in some North American continental sequences. However, the extension of these biochronologic units into south Pangea is based mainly on dubious records of index fossils, the taxonomic status of which are not clearly understood. By reassessing the taxonomic status and distribution of tetrapod taxa, this article defines an updated correlation basis for the Late Triassic of Pangea. q

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“…1). This fauna includes the Trematosauridae, Paracyclotosauridae, and Chigutisauridae (Bandyopadhyay, 1999;Sengupta, 2003). The trematosaurids are known from the Early Triassic Panchet Formation of the Damodar basin (Huxley, 1865;Tripathi, 1969), the paracyclotosaurids (sensu Schoch and Milner, 2000) are known from the Middle Triassic Denwa Formation of the Satpura basin (Mukherjee and Sengupta, 1998), whereas the chigutisaurids are known from the Late Triassic Maleri Formation of the Pranhita-Godavari basin (Sengupta, 1995).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Previous work on temnospondyls from India involved taxonomy, osteology, taphonomy, and biostratigraphic implications (RoyChowdhury, 1965;Kutty and Sengupta, 1989;Sengupta, 1995Sengupta, , 2002Sengupta, , 2003Bandyopadhyay and Sengupta, 2006). These * Corresponding author.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Preliminary observations on the bone microstructure, growth patterns, and life habits of some Triassic temnospondyls from India

Mukherjee

Ray

Sengupta

2010

Journal of Vertebrate Paleontology

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ABSTRACT-The osteohistology including bone cross-sectional geometry of skeletal elements such as the limb bones, ribs, and intercentra of three Triassic temnospondyl taxa from India were examined to reveal varied bone microstructure and differing growth patterns. The Early Triassic trematosaurid examined is characterized by a change in tissue type from a wellvascularized fibrolamellar bone early in ontogeny to peripheral lamellar bone and lines of arrested growth later in ontogeny, suggesting a fast initial growth followed by a slow and intermittent growth later in life. In contrast, the Middle Triassic paracyclotosaurid and the Late Triassic chigutisaurid examined had a cyclical, overall slow growth, as evidenced from predominance of lamellar bone in the cortex. It is hypothesized that the rapid growth of the trematosaurids was an attempt to stabilize the ecosystem after the Permo-Triassic extinction event. Fibrolamellar bone tissue is described for the first time in a Triassic temnospondyl. Bone cross-sectional geometry, low-to-average cortical porosity, and other parameters imply that the members of the Early and Middle Triassic taxa recovered from India retained a high level of terrestriality. The high cortical porosity and extensive medullary spongiosa suggest that the Late Triassic chigutisaurids had a semi-aquatic or aquatic life style. The varying cortical thickness of the limb bones in paracyclotosaurids may be attributed to different biomechanical constraints.

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Triassic temnospondyls of the Pranhita–Godavari basin, India

Cited by 17 publications

References 17 publications

New dinosaur species from the Upper Triassic Upper Maleri and Lower Dharmaram formations of Central India

New dinosaur species from the Upper Triassic Upper Maleri and Lower Dharmaram formations of Central India

Studies on continental Late Triassic tetrapod biochronology. II. The Ischigualastian and a Carnian global correlation

Preliminary observations on the bone microstructure, growth patterns, and life habits of some Triassic temnospondyls from India

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