Tribe

Abstract

Today, a largely defunct comparative concept from the colonial era, the term tribe once designated allegedly 'primitive' local medium-sized social entities with some territorial rights. From its contexts of emergence, the term often attained largely pejorative connotations including nonhistorical qualities of secluded stability. The term still is in current usage for legal and political reasons in many parts of the world, although sometimes being confused with ethnic groups and other more appropriate notions. In ethnoarchaeology, history, and anthropology, it may continue to serve as a scientific concept for certain descriptive purposes if liberated from its ideological connotations.

Ecosystem Service Concept as a Rationale for Urban Green Space Conservation- A Systematic Review Report

“…First, two authors (removed for anonymity) independently coded a portion of the selected articles to assess the intercoder reliability of the extracted data category and entered them into a Microsoft Excel spreadsheet for descriptive statistical and inferential analyses using SPSS [49,50] and qualitative thematic content analysis. Second, for inferential analysis, we used Phi and Cramer's V, the indirect representation of Pearson's Chi-square, to assess the drivers of UGS ES categories as the coefficient Phi is designed to measure the association between categorical variables and adjust uneven sample sizes [51]. Subsequently, we adopted qualitative evidence synthesis (QES) described by Macura and colleagues (2019) [52] to form the thematic analytical framework, building upon a pilot review and data extracted from the selected articles that documented conservation and management approaches.…”