“…Genetic algorithms (GAs) [4,5] are based on the gradient-free approach that mimics evolution. Since then, several meta-heuristic nature-inspirated techniques have been formulated; these include particle swarm optimization (PSO) [6][7][8], evolutionary strategy (ES) [9], firefly algorithm (FA) [10], ant colony optimization (ACO) [11], differential evolution (DE) [12], probability-based incremental learning (PBIL) [13], big bang-big crunch algorithm [14], biogeography-based optimization (BBO) [15], harmony search (HS) [16], cuckoo search (CS) [17], animal migration optimization (AMO) [18], krill herd method (KH) [19], bat algorithm (BA) [20], teachinglearning-based optimization (TLBO) [21], and charged system search (CSS) [22]. KH is a modern swarm intelligence optimization technique inspired by krill herding behaviour [23].…”