“…The improvement of osseointegration capacity is associated with the surface roughness patterns obtained with a femtosecond laser radiation [31][32][33]35,36]. In previous works, the authors have used the Archimedean method, image analysis, Micro-CT, and scanning electron microscopy to evaluate the macro and microporosity of porous titanium samples, with and without surface modification [12,17,19,20]. However, the experimental protocols, commonly used to characterize porosity and evaluate cell activity (presence of osteoblastic cells and mineralization), are relatively long, expensive, and destructive.…”