Tribological and structural study of new aluminum-based antifriction materials

Курбаткин, И. И.; Белов, Н. А.; Ozerskiy, O. N.; Muravyеva, T. I.; Stolyarova, O. O.; Alabin, A. N.

doi:10.3103/s106836661402007x

Cited by 12 publications

(4 citation statements)

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“…The Al-7.6Sn exhibits a dendritic cell structure with a size ranging from 10–110 μm ( Figure 4 a). In addition to the aluminum solid solution (Al), the elements distribution maps ( Figure 4 d) reveal the presence of soft structural inclusions of Sn-and Pb-rich phases (Sn-rich, Sn-Pb, and Pb-Sn phases), as well as the solid phase inclusions of Al 2 Cu ( θ ) phase, as confirmed by [ 23 , 43 , 44 , 45 ]. Due to the close atomic numbers of Al and Si, the backscattered electrons (BSE) SEM images do not reveal the presence of a small amount of the (Si) phase in the microstructure.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 83%

“…Materials of monometallic bearings for capacity expansion and toughness operations should exhibit good mechanical properties with good anti-friction properties [ 15 , 16 , 17 , 18 , 19 , 20 ]. Lead and tin are considered the most common alloying elements in aluminum anti-friction alloys [ 21 , 22 , 23 , 24 ]. Because of its excellent tribological performance, the Al-20%Sn-1%Cu alloy is regarded as a fundamental alloy for designing novel anti-friction materials.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Bearing Aluminum-Based Alloys: Microstructure, Mechanical Characterizations, and Experiment-Based Modeling Approach

Mosleh

Kotova²,

Котов

et al. 2022

Materials

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Due to the engine’s start/stop system and a sudden increase in speed or load, the development of alloys suitable for engine bearings requires excellent tribological properties and high mechanical properties. Including additional elements in the Al-rich matrix of these anti-friction alloys should strengthen their tribological properties. The novelty of this work is in constructing a suitable artificial neural network (ANN) architecture for highly accurate modeling and prediction of the mechanical properties of the bearing aluminum-based alloys and thus optimizing the chemical composition for high mechanical properties. In addition, the study points out the impact of soft and more solid phases on the mechanical properties of these alloys. For this purpose, a huge number of alloys (198 alloys) with different chemical compositions combined from Sn, Pb, Cu, Mg, Zn, Si, Ni, Bi, Ti, Mn, Fe, and Al) were cast, annealed, and tested for determining their mechanical properties. The annealed sample microstructure analysis revealed the formation of soft structural inclusions (Sn-rich, Sn-Pb, and Pb-Sn phases) and solid phase inclusions (strengthened phase, Al2Cu). The mechanical properties of ultimate tensile strength (σu), Brinell hardness (HB), and elongation to failure (δ) were used as control responses for constructing the ANN network. The constructed network was optimized by attempting different network architecture designs to reach minimal errors. Besides the excellent tribological characteristics of the designed set of alloys, soft inclusions based on Sn and Pb and solid-phase Cu inclusions fulfilled the necessary level of mechanical properties for anti-friction alloys; the maximum mechanical properties reached were: σu = 197 ± 7 MPa, HB = 77 ± 4, and δ = 20.3 ± 1.0%. The optimal ANN architecture with the lowest errors (correlation coefficient (R) = 0.94, root mean square error (RMSE) = 3.5, and average actual relative error (AARE) = 1.0%) had two hidden layers with 20 neurons. The model was validated by additional experiments, and the characteristics of the new alloys were accurately predicted with a low level of errors: R ≥ 0.97, RMSE = 1–2.65, and AARE ˂ 10%.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 83%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Bearing Aluminum-Based Alloys: Microstructure, Mechanical Characterizations, and Experiment-Based Modeling Approach

Mosleh

Kotova²,

Котов

et al. 2022

Materials

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“…Normally, tin and lead are the main alloying components for aluminum antifriction alloys [15][16][17][18][19][20][21][22][23][24]. Particularly, Al-20Sn-1Cu alloy is acknowledged to be a basic alloy for the development of new antifriction materials due to its good tribological behavior.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Tribochemical Interaction of Multicomponent Aluminum Alloys During Sliding Friction with Steel

et al. 2020

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In this work, aluminum multicomponent alloys were studied after friction with steel in a mixed lubrication regime. The resulting secondary structures on the friction surface were investigated by scanning electron microscopy (SEM), energy dispersive analysis (EDX), X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS), and X-ray diffraction analysis (XRD). In addition to the mass transfer of steel counterbody particles, phase transformations and new chemical compounds formed as a result of interaction with the lubricant were revealed. The release of elements, mainly magnesium and to a lesser extent zinc, from a solid solution of aluminum alloy was also observed, which indicates the occurrence of a non-spontaneous reaction with a negative entropy production.

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“…В настоящее время наибольшее развитие получили разработки комплексно-легированных алюминиевых сплавов, таких как системы Al -Si -Cu -Sn -Pb, Al -Cu -Sn -Pb [20,21], Al -Sn -Si -Cu -Bi, Al -Sn -Si -Cu -Pb -Bi [22], предложенные специалистами Московского института стали и сплавов (МИСиС) и Института проблем механики РАН (ИПМех РАН).…”

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Monometallic motor-axial bearings of diesel locomotives: replacing bronze with complex aluminium alloy

Миронов

Гершман

Krylov

et al. 2022

Russian Railway Science

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Introduction. Replacing the material of monometallic motor-axial bearings currently manufactured from bronze to aluminium alloy is advisable to improve traffic safety due to the higher reliability and efficiency of such bearings.Materials and methods. This article studies the materials of monometallic motor-axial bearings, bronze and the proposed complex aluminium-tin alloys. Mechanical properties are determined by standard methods: tensile strength, relative elongation (ductility), Brinell hardness, impact strength. Antifriction properties (abradability, score resistance, wear resistance of the antifriction alloy and the steel associated with it, the heating temperature of the steel surface and the coefficient of friction) were determined according to the methods of the Railway Research Institute approved by JSC Russian Railways on the SMTs-2 friction machine. Bronze and three grades of aluminium alloys were tested with M-14V2 diesel oil, and bronze, B16 babbitt and one grade of aluminium alloy were tested with axial oil.Results. This research shows the possibility of replacing bronze with complex-alloyed aluminium alloys both in terms of economic indicators and antifriction properties. A comparison of mechanical properties is carried out, in most of which aluminium alloys are found superior or not inferior to bronze. The exception is ductility, in terms of which bronze surpasses the proposed alloys.Discussion and conclusion. According to the complex of service characteristics obtained in laboratory studies, it seems expedient to replace bronze with complex aluminium antifriction alloy. The final decision on such a replacement could be made after bench and operational tests of motor-axial bearings on diesel locomotives.

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Tribological and structural study of new aluminum-based antifriction materials

Cited by 12 publications

References 0 publications

Bearing Aluminum-Based Alloys: Microstructure, Mechanical Characterizations, and Experiment-Based Modeling Approach

Bearing Aluminum-Based Alloys: Microstructure, Mechanical Characterizations, and Experiment-Based Modeling Approach

Tribochemical Interaction of Multicomponent Aluminum Alloys During Sliding Friction with Steel

Monometallic motor-axial bearings of diesel locomotives: replacing bronze with complex aluminium alloy

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