Thermoplastic polyurethane (TPU) is one of the most popular marine bearing materials because of its excellent characteristics. However, severe wear often occurs under some extreme conditions. In order to improve the service life of bearing material, this work introduced the polyacrylonitrile (PAN) fiber as a reinforcement material to further enhance TPU tribological properties. Considering that the bearing material does not process self-lubricating or cannot form a stable water film under some working conditions, the PAN fiber was hydrophilically modified to alleviate this problem. The effects of fiber addition, operation speed, and applied load on the tribological properties of the composites were examined by using a tribo-tester. The friction coefficient of the samples, the surface morphology after rubbing, and the wear loss, and so on, were also comprehensively analyzed. It was found that the friction coefficient of 30% modified PAN fiber at 500 r/min and 0.8 MPa load was 0.08, and its friction coefficient was 81.8% lower than the pure sample under the same working condition, this is mainly due to the high hydrophilicity of the modified PAN fiber, which makes it easier to form a water film between the composite material and the copper disc. Furthermore, adhesive wear occurred in unmodified samples, while modified samples contained abrasive wear. This new material modification method and design idea can be used for improving the performance of water-lubricated bearing materials. K E Y W O R D S modified PAN fiber, tribological properties, water-lubricated bearing 1 | INTRODUCTION As an important part of ship propulsion, the marine propeller shaft system provides the needed power for the ship. Because the stern tube bearing connects the propeller shaft, it is crucial to the safety and reliability of the whole mechanism. 1-3 Since the emergence of the oil resource crisis in the 1970s and the awareness of green environmental protection in recent years, water-lubricated bearings have attracted a lot of research attention. Water-lubricated bearings, using water as the lubricant and working medium, can prevent the pollution of the marine environment caused by lubricant oil leakages from traditional bearings. 4 However, water-lubricated bearings often experience severe friction and wear under extreme conditions such as starting, stopping, operating at low speed, and under heavy load, which greatly reduce the service life of the bearing. This is because it is difficult for the water-lubricated bearing friction pair to form a stable water film in boundary lubrication or even drive the bearing into the dry friction state. 5,6 Therefore, enhancing the lubrication performance of the stern bearing, especially its self-lubricating performance under boundary lubrication and dry friction, is of great significance for improving the efficiency, safety performance, and service life.