Tribological effectiveness of viscosupplements for osteoarthritis in knee joint

Abstract

Most common treatments for knee pain due to osteoarthritis are viscosupplementation and total knee replacement. Injecting hyaluronic acid in the knee can increase the viscosity of the synovial fluid (SF) considerably. Thereby, the lubrication properties of synovial fluid can improve and reduce the wear in cartilage. But certain studies reject the role of hyaluronic acid (HA) in alleviating knee pain. This experiment revealed the effectiveness of viscosupplementation. Wear test is carried out in a pin on disc apparatus, and the wear rate is calculated. Viscosupplement (VS) is added at different proportions in inflammated synovial fluid collected from osteoarthritis patients. Bovine femur plugs are used for wear test in 1/4th, 1/2nd, 3/4th concentrations of viscosupplement and in inflammated SF. Test is also carried out in pure HA. Tribological properties are tested in pin on disc wear testing machine. The rheological properties are also examined in these concentrations. The result shows that viscosity can be increased by adding viscosupplement. Shear stress is also increasing with the addition of viscosupplementation. VS can reduce the wear and the effect of viscosupplementation can be increased by aspirating the inflammated synovial fluid completely from the patient and injecting the viscosupplement in the knee.

Engineering of Viscosupplement Biomaterials for Treatment of Osteoarthritis: A Comprehensive Review

“…This demands an effort to develop more innovative products solo or combined, as described in Table 1 in the preclinical status. [80][81][82][83][84][85][86][87][88][89][90][91][92][93][94] In the past 5 years, many products have been described in the literature (Table 1). Still, as seen later (Table 2), few have reached the preclinical and clinical stages, possibly verifying the total dominance of HA formulations.…”

“…(no specific Mw) [85] Rheological study of HA derivatives February 2017 These compounds demonstrate that the HA solutions are not only dependent on polymer concentration, average molecular weight, and degree of crosslinking but may also be affected by the method of deacetylation and butyrylation.…”

“…This demands an effort to develop more innovative products solo or combined, as described in Table 1 in the preclinical status. [ 80–94 ]…”

HPLC-UV Method Validation for Amobarbital and Pharmaceutical Stability Evaluation When Dispersed in a Hyaluronic Acid Hydrogel: A New Concept for Post-Traumatic Osteoarthritis Prevention

“…4−8 In the US alone, there are approximately 30.8 million adults who have been diagnosed with OA and the number of adults affected globally is expected to reach 78.4 million by 2040. 9,10 In 2015 alone, the annual average healthcare costs directly to US patients for the treatment and management of OA were estimated to reach $21,335. 11 OA progression has been classified microscopically by the loss of proteoglycans and collagen, both of which lead to the disruption of the extracellular matrix (ECM) and subsequent impairment of the biomechanical attributes of the joint.…”