Tribological properties of polyamide (PA6) in self-mated contacts and against steel as a stationary and moving body

Pogačnik, A.; Kupec, Alja; Kalin, Mitjan

doi:10.1016/j.wear.2017.01.118

Cited by 52 publications

(29 citation statements)

References 23 publications

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“…This obviously suggests frictional heating, since a relatively small increase in the temperature can make a significant and step-change deterioration in the mechanical and tribological properties [3][4][5]. In addition, the temperatures developed in the tribological contact can also vary significantly with the counter-face material [6][7][8]. The temperature is difficult to predict theoretically, because the material's mechanical properties and deformation go thorough significant modifications within the contacts, and possibly even more with the uncertainty in the real contact area [8,9].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The dominant effect of temperature on the fatigue behaviour of polymer gears

Kalin

Kupec

2017

Wear

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The testing procedures and reported tribological performance of polymer gears, which are seeing ever-increasing use by industry, still lack consistency and detail. One of the key parameters that affect a polymer's mechanical properties, interface contact conditions and, consequently, the wear and fatigue behaviour, is the temperature. Temperature is well known to have a critical influence on all polymers, much more so than on metals or other materials. However, the temperatureseven for the same load and velocityvary greatly with testing devices, gear sizes and shapes, surrounding environment, as do the cooling and heating rates. Moreover, the temperature, either root, flank or bulk, also varies with the operating conditions, meaning that even in the same S-N curve data at different stresses we actually obtain different temperatures. This suggests that the results from different tests and even different load levels, which are not temperature controlled, cannot be directly compared due to the important influence of the temperature on the polymers. This work presents the results of POM gears tested against steel gears under well-controlled temperature conditions, providing various S-N curves obtained at 30 ˚C, 50 ˚C and 70 ˚C that were kept constant at the gear root for three torque values (1.0 Nm, 1.2 Nm and 1.4 Nm), and these are compared to data obtained under conditions that are typically considered to be "room temperature", which is in fact an uncontrolled temperature. The results confirm the important effect of the temperature on the fatigue life of POM gears, i.e., when kept at low temperature (30 °C), the fatigue life of POM gears is greatly improved.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The dominant effect of temperature on the fatigue behaviour of polymer gears

Kalin

Kupec

2017

Wear

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“…In this study, we evaluate the contacting surfaces as they are exposed to tribological contact for different time, which affects their interfacial temperature, shearing conditions, formation of the tribofilm, and overall tribological behavior. This phenomenon was found to be very pronounced for polymers, for example, polyamide in mixed contacts with steel [27].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 95%

Differences in nano-topography and tribochemistry of ZDDP tribofilms from variations in contact configuration with steel and DLC surfaces

et al. 2021

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In this work, we evaluated the effect of the counter-body material (the same or dissimilar) and contact configuration (moving or stationary body), at similar contact tribological conditions, on the tribochemical and nanotopography characteristics of adsorbed surface films. Zinc dialkyldithiophosphate (ZDDP), the best performing anti-wear additive, was used in self-mated steel/steel and DLC/DLC contacts, which were compared with mixed steel/DLC and DLC/steel contacts in 1-h and 6-h sliding tests. The macroscale (tribometer) and nanoscale (atomic force microscopy) friction, thickness, topography, and chemical (attenuated total reflection-Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy) properties of the tribofilms were studied. The results revealed unexpectedly large differences in all the studied tribofilm parameters; this is because all the tribofilms are completely different; this includes the chemical composition, which is known to have a crucial effect on the nano- and macro-scale tribological properties. These results clearly demonstrate that the surface material, additives, and common contact operating parameters, that is, pressure, velocity, and temperature, crucially affect the ZDDP tribofilm as well as the position of the moving or stationary surface within the contact, and the material of the moving/stationary bodies.

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“…Tribological properties of different types of polymer composites, including polyacetal PA6, were investigated in [11] on a pin-on-disk testing machine under dry friction. In [12], the tribological properties of polyamide PA6 under dry friction at different conditions were investigated according to the steel pin -rotating polymer disk scheme. The tribological behavior of PA6 was investigated experimentally according to the pin-on-disk scheme in [13].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Calculated Assessment of Contact Strength, Wear and Resource of Metal-Polymer Gears Made of Dispersion-Reinforced Composites

Chernets¹,

Шилько²,

Kornienko³

2021

Applied Engineering Letters

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The method of calculating the wear and life of gears with metal wheels is used to analyze the bearing capacity and tribotechnical characteristics of metal-polymer gears with wheels made of a dispersion-reinforced composite -polyamide filled with dispersed carbon and glass fibers. Taking into account the pairing of the engagement, the maximum contact pressures at the beginning of the transmission operation were estimated, as well as their changes due to wear of the teeth of the composite wheels upon reaching acceptable wear. It was established that the degree of change in initial pressures due to wear substantially depends on the gear material and, in the case of a composite gear, a significant decrease is observed at the gear input. The linear wear of the working profile of the teeth and the localization of its maximum values are determined. It is shown that the estimated transmission resource with a carbon composite gear is more than eight times higher than that with a glass-filled polyamide gear. This parameter is largely determined by the operating conditions of the master and slave transmission links. The resource of the "steel gearcomposite wheel" pair is about 2.4 times the resource of the "composite gear-steel wheel" pair. The best option is "steel gear-carbon-filled polyamide wheel", because its resource for wear is 20 times greater than that of the transmission "glass-filled polyamide gear-steel wheel".

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Tribological properties of polyamide (PA6) in self-mated contacts and against steel as a stationary and moving body

Cited by 52 publications

References 23 publications

The dominant effect of temperature on the fatigue behaviour of polymer gears

The dominant effect of temperature on the fatigue behaviour of polymer gears

Differences in nano-topography and tribochemistry of ZDDP tribofilms from variations in contact configuration with steel and DLC surfaces

Calculated Assessment of Contact Strength, Wear and Resource of Metal-Polymer Gears Made of Dispersion-Reinforced Composites

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