Tribulus terrestris: preliminary study of its diuretic and contractile effects and comparison with Zea mays

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“…It is suggested that small caltrops act as a good inhibitor for kidney stones once they induce the formation of COD. This is consistent with the practice in Iraq, Turkey 10 , and Thailand ], the COM particles were dendritic rather than hexagonal in shape (Fig. 3a) as was also shown in Refs.…”

“…The applicability of herbs such as small caltrops (Tribulus terrestris L.) in inhibiting kidney stones remains unanswered. Small caltrops have been commonly used as a diuretic and against colicky pains, hypertension, and hypercholesterolemia in folk medicine in Iraq, Turkey 10 , and Thailand 1, 2, 11, 12 . Only in vivo studies with small caltrops have been made.…”

“…Only in vivo studies with small caltrops have been made. For instance, they have an antiurolithic activity in experimentally induced urolithiasis in rats 12 , reduce the amount of urinary oxalate in rats 13 , and have the potential of propelling kidney stones in rats 10 . In the present study, we investigated the crystallization of CaOx crystals from aqueous solution in the absence and presence of small caltrops.…”

Studies on diuretic and hypouricemic effects of Orthosiphon stamineus methanol extracts in rats

“…It should be mentioned that the increase in the urinary excretion volume (diuresis) will facilitate the removal of small crystals and reduce the chance of these crystals to grow or aggregate which has been explained for certain herbal exhibiting anti-lithiatic activity (Selvam et al, 2001;Al-Ali et al, 2003;Afzal et al, 2004). On the other hand, reducing uric acid production, a crystallization salt which may facilitate the heterogeneous nucleation of the calcium oxalate stone, will not only exert anti-gout effect but also will contribute to the anti-lithiatic property and other uric acid-related diseases (Spector, 1977;Finlayson and Reid, 1978;Kong et al, 2002;Ishibuchi et al, 2001).…”

Antihypertensive and vasodilator effects of methanolic and aqueous extracts of Tribulus terrestris in rats

“…Recent pharmacological studies tend to support these uses. For example, Al-Ali et al (2003) have demonstrated diuretic activity in rats while Adaikan et al (2000) have shown that crude extract of Tribulus terrestris enhanced electrically-and nitroglycerine- * Corresponding author. Tel.…”