Trichoderma asperellum L. Coupled the Effects of Biochar to Enhance the Growth and Physiology of Contrasting Maize Cultivars under Copper and Nickel Stresses

Amanullah, Fatima; Khan, Waqas–ud–Din

doi:10.3390/plants12040958

Cited by 12 publications

(7 citation statements)

References 63 publications

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“…Nevertheless, fungi propagules never completely disappear from highly contaminated soils. According to present findings, T. asperellum fungi effectively protects Z. mays from drought, Cd, and a combination of both, resulting in an improvement in the growth factor [70].…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 65%

Morphophysiological and Biochemical Responses of Zea mays L. under Cadmium and Drought Stresses Integrated with Fungal and Bacterial Inoculation

et al. 2023

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Cadmium and drought stress are the most destructive of the abiotic stresses with negative effects on both metabolism and photosynthesis. The present experiment aimed to analyze the impact of inoculation with Bacillus paralicheniformis and Trichoderma asperellum on the growth and antioxidant response modulation of maize (Zea mays L.), under drought and Cadmium (Cd) stresses. Regarding plant biomass analysis, fungi inoculation increased leaf dry biomass significantly (11.92%) towards uninoculated ones. The leaf area was affected significantly by bacterial application, 12.15% more than the control. A significant trend (drought+ Cd stress) was observed between fungi-inoculated maize leaves (15.07 µmol/g FW) and bacterial-inoculated leaves (18.71 µmol/g FW) regarding the malondialdehyde quantity. Furthermore, the activities of superoxide dismutase were notably higher (9.63–40.88%) in microorganism-inoculated roots. Similarly, under drought + Cd stress, peroxidase demonstrated a higher activity under bacterial inoculation than fungal ones (92.11% more). The maximum translocation factor was observed in the uninoculated group (under Cd stress), while the bioconcentration factor under drought stress showed a significant increase by microorganisms. The maximum relative water content under bacterial inoculation (82.66%) was achieved. The fungi and bacterial inoculation minimized Cd accumulation in the leaf significantly under drought and drought + Cd stress. Generally, the microorganism inoculation positively and partially maintained the plant’s performance, despite the presence of drought and Cd stress.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 65%

Morphophysiological and Biochemical Responses of Zea mays L. under Cadmium and Drought Stresses Integrated with Fungal and Bacterial Inoculation

et al. 2023

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“…asperellum with biochar improved the physiological and oxidative stress properties of Ni- and Cu-stressed Z. mays plants . In addition, phytohormone synthesizing endophytic fungus P.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 97%

“…Similarly, combined application of T. asperellum with biochar improved the physiological and oxidative stress properties of Ni-and Cu-stressed Z. mays plants. 82 In addition, phytohormone synthesizing endophytic fungus P. roqueforti considerably declined antioxidant enzymatic activities of T. aestivum (L.) growing in metal stressed soil. 83 Metal Uptake in Trichoderma-Inoculated V. radiata.…”

Section: Acsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Trichoderma Inoculation Alleviates Cd and Pb-Induced Toxicity and Improves Growth and Physiology of Vigna radiata (L.)

Altaf,

Ilyas,

Shahid

et al. 2024

ACS Omega

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Heavy metals (HMs) pose a serious threat to agricultural productivity. Therefore, there is a need to find sustainable approaches to combat HM stressors in agriculture. In this study, we isolated Trichoderma sp. TF-13 from metal-polluted rhizospheric soil, which has the ability to resist 1600 and 1200 μg mL −1 cadmium (Cd) and lead (Pb), respectively. Owing to its remarkable metal tolerance, this fungal strain was applied for bioremediation of HMs in Vigna radiata (L.). Strain TF-13 produced siderophore, salicylic acid (SA; 43.4 μg mL −1 ) and 2,3-DHBA (21.0 μg mL −1 ), indole-3-acetic acid, ammonia, and ACC deaminase under HM stressed conditions. Increasing concentrations of tested HM ions caused severe reduction in overall growth of plants; however, Trichoderma sp. TF-13 inoculation significantly (p ≤ 0.05) increased the growth and physiological traits of HM-treated V. radiata. Interestingly, Trichoderma sp. TF-13 improved germination rate (10%), root length (26%), root biomass (32%), and vigor index (12%) of V. radiata grown under 25 μg Cd kg −1 soil. Additionally, Trichoderma inoculation showed a significant (p ≤ 0.05) increase in total chlorophyll, chl a, chl b, carotenoid content, root nitrogen (N), and root phosphorus (P) of 100 μg Cd kg −1 soil-treated plants over uninoculated treatment. Furthermore, enzymatic and nonenzymatic antioxidant activities of Trichoderma inoculated in metal-treated plants were improved. For instance, strain TF-13 increased proline (37%), lipid peroxidation (56%), catalase (35%), peroxidase (42%), superoxide dismutase (27%), and glutathione reductase (39%) activities in 100 μg Pb kg −1 soil-treated plants. The uptake of Pb and Cd in root/ shoot tissues was decreased by 34/39 and 47/38% in fungal-inoculated and 25 μg kg −1 soil-treated plants. Thus, this study demonstrates that stabilizing metal mobility in the rhizosphere through Trichoderma inoculation significantly reduced the detrimental effects of Cd and Pb toxicity in V. radiata and also enhanced development under HM stress conditions.

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“…A number of Trichoderma species have been identified as insect pathogens [ 74 ], although thus far, this does not include T. strigosum , which has apparently been mainly isolated from soil as a potential plant-protective species [ 75 , 76 , 77 ]. Isolates of T. asperellum appear to be more diverse in their biology, with several characterized as displaying plant-protective qualities capable of offering protection against plant pathogenic fungi including Fusarium , Botrytis , and Phellinus sp., that cause various rot, wilt, and mildew diseases in agricultural crops and trees [ 78 , 79 , 80 , 81 , 82 ]. Trichoderma asperellum has been applied in conjunction with the insect pathogenic fungus Beauveria bassiana (Bals.-Criv, 1835) in attempts to protect maize from the Asian corn borer ( Ostrinia furnacalis (Guenee, 1854)) [ 83 ], and its nematocidal potential has also been reported [ 84 ].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Isolation of a Novel Pythium Species, P. thermoculicivorax, and Trichoderma sp. from Natural Enzootic Mosquito Larval Infections

Joseph,

Darrisaw,

Lloyd

et al. 2024

JoF

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Only a handful of microbial mosquito larval pathogens have been described to date. Sampling several natural enzootic infections of mosquito larvae in southwestern Florida indicated the presence of microbial pathogens capable of extensive larval mortality. A microscopic analysis of one sample site revealed extensive apparent growth of a Pythium-like microbe on mosquito larvae, with the highest degree of infection observed in the siphon and head regions. Structures consistent with sporangia were seen on infected insects after lactophenol blue staining, and higher-resolution scanning electron microscopy (SEM) micrographs showed sporangia and encysted zoospores targeting the head and siphon regions. The isolate was single-colony purified, and molecular identification targeting the ITS and COX1 loci coupled to phylogenetic reconstruction indicated that the isolate belonged to the Pythium genus but was distinct from its closest characterized species, P. inflatum. Morphological features were characterized, with the isolate showing rapid growth on all mycological media tested and relatively high thermotolerance, capable of robust growth at 37 °C; hence, it was designated P. thermoculicivorax. Sampling from a second series of natural infections of mosquito larvae resulted in the molecular identification of three Trichoderma isolates, one with high similarity to T. strigosum and the other two clustering closely with T. asperellum. These data highlight the occurrence of natural enzootic infections of mosquito larvae, potentially as a resource for the identification of new mosquito pathogens.

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Trichoderma asperellum L. Coupled the Effects of Biochar to Enhance the Growth and Physiology of Contrasting Maize Cultivars under Copper and Nickel Stresses

Cited by 12 publications

References 63 publications

Morphophysiological and Biochemical Responses of Zea mays L. under Cadmium and Drought Stresses Integrated with Fungal and Bacterial Inoculation

Morphophysiological and Biochemical Responses of Zea mays L. under Cadmium and Drought Stresses Integrated with Fungal and Bacterial Inoculation

Trichoderma Inoculation Alleviates Cd and Pb-Induced Toxicity and Improves Growth and Physiology of Vigna radiata (L.)

Isolation of a Novel Pythium Species, P. thermoculicivorax, and Trichoderma sp. from Natural Enzootic Mosquito Larval Infections

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