Trichodina colisae (Ciliophora: Trichodinidae): new parasite records for two freshwater fish species farmed in Brazil

Jerônimo, Gabriela Tomas; Marchiori, Natália da Costa; Pádua, Santiago Benites de; Neto, José Dias de Souza; Pilarski, Fabiana; Ishikawa, Márcia Mayumi; Martins, Maurício Laterça

doi:10.1590/s1984-29612012005000008

Cited by 19 publications

(18 citation statements)

References 14 publications

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“…On the other hand, in this invasive fish of floodplain area, the low levels of gill infection by C. tilapiae were associated with high parasitism by opportunistic protozoa (I. multifiliis, P. africana, T. centrostrigeata and T. nobilis), parasites known for their strong influence on low environmental quality (TAVARES-DIAS et al, 2001;JERÔNIMO et al, 2012). Possibly, C. tilapiae has suffered pressure in this new environment and also by habitat competition (in gills) with the ciliates species.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 91%

“…caused by low temperature of the region (RANZANI-PAIVA et al, 2005) were lower than that in this study. In poor environmental conditions of intensive culture and high stocking density (VAN AS; BASSON, 1987;TAVARES-DIAS et al, 2001;JERÔNIMO et al, 2012) or even in a natural environment (RANZANI-PAIVA et al, 2005), the intensity of these ciliates can increase rapidly. Because its reproduction is favored by excess organic matter (TAVARES-DIAS et al, 2001;JERÔNIMO et al, 2012;MARTINS et al, 2012), especially at high temperatures, as it was the case of this study.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Parasites of native Cichlidae populations and invasive Oreochromis niloticus (Linnaeus, 1758) in tributary of Amazonas River (Brazil)

Bittencourt

Pinheiro

Cárdenas

et al. 2014

Rev. Bras. Parasitol. Vet.

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This study provides the first investigation on acquisition of parasites in invasive O. niloticus by parasite species of native Cichlidae from the Igarapé Fortaleza basin, Northern Brazil. There were examined 576 specimens of 16 species of native cichlids and invasive O. niloticus collected in the main channel and the floodplain area of this tributary of Amazon River. The invasive O. niloticus was poorly parasitized having only Ichthyophthirius multifiliis, Trichodina centrostrigeata, Paratrichodina africana, Trichodina nobilis (Protozoa) and Cichlidogyrus tilapiae (Monogenoidea), and this host has not acquired any parasite species common to the native ichthyofauna region. In contrast, species of native cichlids showed rich fauna of parasites with predominance of Monogenoidea species, larvae and adults of Nematoda, Digenea, Cestoidea and Acanthocephala, besides four species of Protozoa and four Crustacea. However, only T. nobilis was acquired by native fish, the Aequidens tetramerus, which is a new host for this exotic Trichodinidae. In O. niloticus, well established in the region, the small number of helminth species may be associated with its rusticity, good adaptation in the new environment and also the presence of native parasites with relative specificity, but without ability to complete its life cycle in this invasive host of this ecosystem.Keywords: Colonization, biological invasion, fish parasites. ResumoEste estudo é a primeira investigação da aquisição de parasitos na invasora O. niloticus por espécies de parasitos Cichlidae nativos da bacia Igarapé Fortaleza, Norte do Brasil. Foram examinados 576 espécimes pertencentes a 16 espécies de ciclídeos nativos e à invasora O. niloticus coletados no canal principal e área da planície de inundação deste tributário do Rio Amazonas. A invasora O. niloticus foi pobremente parasitada, pois teve somente Ichthyophthirius multifiliis, Trichodina centrostrigeata, Paratrichodina africana e Trichodina nobilis (Protozoa) e Cichlidogyrus tilapiae (Monogenoidea) e não adquiriu qualquer espécie comum à ictiofauna nativa da região. Em contraste, as espécies de ciclídeos nativos apresentaram uma rica fauna de parasitos com predominância de espécies de helmintos Monogenoidea, larvas e adultos de Nematoda, Digenea, Cestoidea e Acanthocephala, além de quatro espécies de Protozoa e quatro Crustacea. Porém, somente T. nobilis foi encontrado em peixe nativo, Aequidens tetramerus, que é um novo hospedeiro para esse Trichodinidae exótico. Em O. niloticus, já bem estabelecida na região, o reduzido número de espécies de helmintos pode estar associado à sua rusticidade, boa adaptação ao novo ambiente e também à presença de parasitos nativos com relativa especificidade, mas sem habilidade em completar seu ciclo de vida nesse hospedeiro invasor desse ecossistema.Palavras-chave: Colonização, invasão biológica, parasitos de peixes.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 91%

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Parasites of native Cichlidae populations and invasive Oreochromis niloticus (Linnaeus, 1758) in tributary of Amazonas River (Brazil)

Bittencourt

Pinheiro

Cárdenas

et al. 2014

Rev. Bras. Parasitol. Vet.

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“…mesopotamicus 9 #P. brachypomus) in three fish farms in the northwestern region of the state of São Paulo (Franceschini et al 2013); and in fish in catch-and-pay enterprises in Guariba, state of São Paulo (Schalch and Moraes 2005). A new species of Tripartiella, Tripartiella pseudoplatystomae, was described on the gills and skin of P. corruscans, farmed in Mato Grosso do Sul (Pinto et al 2009); in addition, occurrences of Trichodina colisae in P. mesopotamicus and the hybrid patinga farmed in the central and southeastern regions of Brazil were recorded (Jerônimo et al 2012). Trichodina heterodentata was recorded in P. mesopotamicus (Pádua et al 2012b) and in Prochilodus lineatus (curimatãs) (Valladão et al 2013) (Table 1).…”

Section: Trichodinids In Farmed Fish In Brazilmentioning

confidence: 99%

Trichodinidae in commercial fish in South America

Maciel

Garcia

Chagas

et al. 2017

Rev Fish Biol Fisheries

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Ciliates of the family Trichodinidae are protozoan parasites of importance for fish farming in South America, given that at high infestation levels, they cause significant mortality among farmed fish. Although data on economic losses due to parasitosis are not available for South America, mortality outbreaks correlated to trichodinids are very common in the tilapia production chain, especially in Brazil, the largest aquaculture chain in the country. In Brazil in the past, trichodinids were considered only as Trichodina sp. Today, they have been better studied and identified taxonomically in wild and farmed fish. However, in other countries in South America, trichodinids continue to be described only as Trichodina sp. This review presents the history of occurrences of trichodinids in fish of interest in South America, highlighting 15 new species that have been described in three genera in Brazil, along with information on parasite-host-environment relationships, diagnostic methods and treatments. The occurrence of parasitic ciliates must be correlated with farming conditions such as stress factors, water quality, seasonality, age and host immunity to elucidate the critical points of each production system. Furthermore, for tropical fish, studies on treatment against trichodinid species are needed to provide support for approval of antiparasitic medications for use in fish farming. However, it is recommended that the production sector use intensive production systems that are more sustainable, with biosafety protocols, to increase production and productivity.

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“…Parasitological analysis followed the method of Jerônimo et al (2012) and the parasitological indexes were calculated according to Bush et al (1997). Mean relative dominance was also calculated (Rohde et al, 1995).…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Protozoan parasites of freshwater ornamental fish

Florindo

Jerônimo

Steckert

et al. 2017

lajar

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ABSTRACT. The ornamental fish aquaculture represents a consolidated market worldwide. In Brazil, the major volume of commercialized freshwater ornamental fish is originated from fish farms managed by small and midsized farmers. The aim of this study was to characterize the metazoan parasitic fauna associated with the main freshwater ornamental fish farmed in Southern Brazil. Between July 2014 and January 2015, 423 fishes belonging to nine freshwater species were examined: angelfish Pterophylum scalare, siamese fighting fish Betta splendens, telescope and comet goldfish Carassius auratus, zebrafish Danio rerio, blood red swordtail Xiphophorus helleri, caramel and wagtail platy fish Xiphophorus maculatus, black molly Poecilia sphenops, white cloud mountain minnow Tanichthys albonubes and goldfinned barb Puntius sachsii. Water quality was measured in fishponds from each facility. Specimens were obtained from three ornamental fish farms located in three micro-regions in the State of Santa Catarina (Biguaçu, Camboriú e Joinville). Parasitological indexes were obtained after parasitological analysis of mucus, gills, and eyes. Trichodinids, Piscinoodinium pillulare, and Ichthyophthirius multifiliis were found in all fish farms analyzed. However, P. pillulare showed the greatest prevalence and mean intensity, compared to the other protozoa analyzed. 75% prevalence and mean intensity 57.5 were observed in the gills of P. scalare from fish farm Araquari. This study showed that fish farm Biguaçu, was the facility presenting the greatest parasite diversity. P. scalare and C. auratus were the most parasitized fish species presenting the higher richness when compared to another species. These ornamental species are widely traded and require greater care in cultivation because it is essential to produce healthy fish with attractive features accepted by the market.

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Trichodina colisae (Ciliophora: Trichodinidae): new parasite records for two freshwater fish species farmed in Brazil

Cited by 19 publications

References 14 publications

Parasites of native Cichlidae populations and invasive Oreochromis niloticus (Linnaeus, 1758) in tributary of Amazonas River (Brazil)

Parasites of native Cichlidae populations and invasive Oreochromis niloticus (Linnaeus, 1758) in tributary of Amazonas River (Brazil)

Trichodinidae in commercial fish in South America

Protozoan parasites of freshwater ornamental fish

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