Trichogramma in Brazil: feasibility of use after twenty years of research

Abstract

Neotropical Entomology 33(3): 271-281 (2004) Trichogramma no Brasil: Viabilidade de Uso Após Vinte Anos de Pesquisa RESUMO -São apresentados os resultados dos estudos com Trichogramma no Brasil, especialmente aqueles desenvolvidos na ESALQ/USP, nas últimas duas décadas . O projeto, envolvendo desde a taxonomia, técnicas de criação, aspectos biológicos e comportamentais das pragas e dos parasitóides, dinâmica populacional das pragas, técnicas de liberação,estudos de seletividade, avaliação da eficiência, pode ser considerado um modelo e foi seguido por outros programas de controle biológico no Brasil e na América Latina. O programa gerou inúmeras publicações, permitindo a formação de recursos humanos na área, abrindo novas áreas de pesquisa e mostrando que o parasitóide pode ser usado no controle de pragas-chave do algodoeiro, cana-de-açúcar, grãos armazenados, hortaliças, milho, soja e tomateiro. As perspectivas do uso do parasitóides possibilitaram a criação de empresas para comercializá-los no Brasil, transferindo mais facilmente a tecnologia ao usuário. PALAVRAS-CHAVE: Trichogrammatidae, parasitóide de ovos, controle biológico aplicado ABSTRACT -Results of studies with Trichogramma in Brazil are presented, especially those developed at ESALQ/USP in the past two decades . The project involved taxonomy, rearing techniques, biological and behavioral aspects of the pests and parasitoids, pest population dynamics, release techniques, selectivity studies, and efficiency evaluation. It can be considered a model project and has been adopted by other biological control programs in Brazil and Latin America. The program has given rise to a number of publications, allowing the formation of human resources in this area and opening new research areas. The results indicated that the parasitoid can be used to control key pests in cotton, sugarcane, stored grain, vegetables, corn, soybean, and tomato. The perspective of using the parasitoid has stimulated the creation of companies to commercialize it in Brazil, thus more easily transferring this technology to users.

Desenvolvimento e exigências térmicas de Trichogramma pretiosum Riley (Hymenoptera: Trichogrammatidae) em ovos de Bonagota cranaodes (Meyrick) (Lepidoptera: Tortricidae)

“…A ocorrência de Trichogramma tem sido constatada em ovos de pragas que atacam as culturas do milho, do arroz, da cana-de-açúcar, do sorgo, da oliveira, da beterraba, do tomate, de florestas, de pomares, de hortaliças, do algodão, da mandioca e ornamentais (Nikonov et al 1991, Pratissoli & Parra 2001, Parra & Zucchi 2004. O parasitóide T. pretiosum já é utilizado com sucesso na Colômbia e no nordeste do Brasil (Petrolina, PE e Juazeiro, BA) no controle da Tuta absoluta (Meyrick) através de liberações inundativas (Faria Jr. 1992, Haji et al 2002.…”

Biological Control in Brazil: an overview

“…As a result, the literature on BC has expanded enormously in both national and international research with the number of publications on insect rearing techniques following the same trend. Some examples include the reports by Smith (1966), Singh (1977), Singh and Moore (1985), Cohen (2004) and Schneider (2009), and Brazilian publications, such as those of Parra and Zucchi (1997), Parra (2001), Parra et al (2002), Parra (2008), Bueno (2000;, Pinto et al (2006) and Cônsoli et al (2010), among others, about insect rearing and Biological Control. This was the starting point for the creation of insect mass-rearing facilities (Parra, 2008;.…”

“…The evolution of BC in the country is a result of programs that followed sequential steps involving researchers from different areas. One example was a program using Trichogramma, which had a French influence, especially in the person of Dr. Jean Voegelé of INRA (Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique) in Antibes, and was initiated in Brazil to control forest (Moraes et al, 1983) and agricultural pests in Piracicaba in 1984 (Parra and Zucchi, 2004).…”

Natural parasitism by Trichogramma spp. in agroecosystems of the Mid-North, Brazil

“…The micro-hymenopterans of genus Trichogramma have been used in the biological control of lepidopterans pest in Brazil and other countries (PARRA & ZUCCHI, 2004). There are 26 known species of Trichogramma in Brazil, corresponding to the largest number of native species reported in a South American country (ZUCCHI et al, 2010).…”