Trichomonas gallinae, in comparison to Tetratrichomonas gallinarum, induces distinctive cytopathogenic effects in tissue cultures

Amin, Andleeb; Bilić, Ivana; Berger, Evelyn; Heß, Michael

doi:10.1016/j.vetpar.2011.11.037

Cited by 21 publications

(35 citation statements)

References 31 publications

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“…Honigberg et al (1964) examined the effect of a virulent (Jones' Barn) and an avirulent (Lahore) strain of T. gallinae on trypsindispersed chick liver cell cultures. Recently, we were able to demonstrate that genetically different T. gallinae isolates caused diverse magnitude of cytopathic effects on LMH and QT35 monolayers (Amin et al 2012a). Kulda (1967) demonstrated abnormal changes in a monkey kidney cell line caused by trichomonads but ultrafiltrates obtained from cultures with high protozoal numbers had no effect on this cell line.…”

Section: P a T H O G E N I C I T Ymentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Furthermore, in vitro studies failed to demonstrate the pathogenic potential of T. gallinarum. Recently, it has been proven that genetically different T. gallinarum clones and their cell-free filtrate had no destructive effect on cell cultures (permanent chicken liver (LMH) and a permanent quail fibroblast (QT35) cell line) (Amin et al 2012a). In another study, a subcutaneous mouse assay did not reflect any pathological changes following injection with different strains of T. gallinarum (Kulda et al 1974).…”

Section: Tetratrichomonas Gallinarummentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Recently, it has been proven that both LMH and QT35 cells were able to support and enhance the growth of T. gallinarum, an effect even more pronounced for T. gallinae (Amin et al 2012a). Recently, it has been proven that both LMH and QT35 cells were able to support and enhance the growth of T. gallinarum, an effect even more pronounced for T. gallinae (Amin et al 2012a).…”

Section: Cultivation Of Trichomonadsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Recently, it has been proven that both LMH and QT35 cells were able to support and enhance the growth of T. gallinarum, an effect even more pronounced for T. gallinae (Amin et al 2012a). Additionally, it was confirmed that cell culture matrix as well as special growth media could be used for in vitro cultivation of T. gallinae after axenization (Amin et al 2010(Amin et al , 2012a. In agreement with this media from uninfected cells or the media itself did not appear to possess soluble growth factors for trichomonads as mentioned before for T. vaginalis (Peterson and Alderete, 1984;Karen et al 1990).…”

Section: Cultivation Of Trichomonadsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Trichomonads in birds – a review

et al. 2014

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Members of the family Trichomonadidae, mainly Trichomonas gallinae and Tetratrichomonas gallinarum, represent important parasites in birds with worldwide presence, since being reported in the 19th century. Especially Columbiformes, Falconiformes and Strigiformes can be severely affected by trichomonads, whereas the majority of infections in Galliformes and Anatiformes are subclinical although severe infections are occasionally reported. With the recent appearance of deadly infections in wild Passeriformes the protozoan parasite T. gallinae obtained greater attention which will be addressed in this review. Although light microscopy remains the method of choice to confirm the presence of trichomonads molecular studies were introduced in recent years, in order to characterize the parasites and to establish relationships between isolates. Isolation of trichomonads is a prerequisite for detailed in vitro and in vivo studies and different media are reported to obtain suitable material. The limited information about virulence factors will be reviewed in context with the pathogenicity of trichomonads which varies greatly, indicating certain strain heterogeneity of the parasites. Options for treatment characterized by the leading role of imidazoles whose activity is sometimes hampered by resistant parasites remains a challenge for the future. Introducing more standardized genetic studies and investigations concentrating on the host-pathogen interaction should be helpful to elucidate virulence factors which might lead to new concepts of treatment.

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Section: P a T H O G E N I C I T Ymentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Tetratrichomonas Gallinarummentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Recently, it has been proven that both LMH and QT35 cells were able to support and enhance the growth of T. gallinarum, an effect even more pronounced for T. gallinae (Amin et al 2012a). Recently, it has been proven that both LMH and QT35 cells were able to support and enhance the growth of T. gallinarum, an effect even more pronounced for T. gallinae (Amin et al 2012a).…”

Section: Cultivation Of Trichomonadsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Recently, it has been proven that both LMH and QT35 cells were able to support and enhance the growth of T. gallinarum, an effect even more pronounced for T. gallinae (Amin et al 2012a). Additionally, it was confirmed that cell culture matrix as well as special growth media could be used for in vitro cultivation of T. gallinae after axenization (Amin et al 2010(Amin et al , 2012a. In agreement with this media from uninfected cells or the media itself did not appear to possess soluble growth factors for trichomonads as mentioned before for T. vaginalis (Peterson and Alderete, 1984;Karen et al 1990).…”

Section: Cultivation Of Trichomonadsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Trichomonads in birds – a review

et al. 2014

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“…It mainly lives in the anterior digestive tract and causes granulomatous lesions or canker in the host [1]. Different strains of T. gallinae vary in their pathogenicity, resulting in a range of clinical outcomes from asymptomatic to lethal infections [2,3]. Certain highly pathogenic strains can affect other organs of birds and cause necrotic foci [4] and peptidases secreted by the parasite were recently reported to have cytopathogenic effects on chicken liver cells [5].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Global characterization of microRNAs in Trichomonas gallinae

Qiu

Nisbet

et al. 2014

Parasites & Vectors

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BackgroundTrichomonas gallinae is a protozoan parasite causing trichomonosis in many species of domestic poultry and birds world-wide. microRNAs (miRNAs) are a class of small non-coding RNAs that play key roles in gene regulation. However, no miRNAs have been characterized from T. gallinae.MethodsHere, we investigated the global miRNA profile of this parasite by high throughput sequencing technology, bioinformatics platform analysis and quantitative RT-PCR.ResultsThree miRNA candidates, with typical precursor stem-loop structures, were identified from 11.13 million raw sequencing reads. Three miRNAs, Tga-miR-1, Tga-miR-2 and Tga-miR-3 had no homologues in publically available miRNA databases, suggesting that they may be T. gallinae-specific. Tga-miR-2 and Tga-miR-3 occupied only one location each on the reference genome, while Tga-miR-1 was found at 3 locations.ConclusionsThe results of the present study provided a sound basis for the further understanding of gene regulation in this parasite of animal health significance, with the potential to inform the development of novel control reagents and strategies and also inform a more in-depth understanding of the evolution of miRNAs.

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