Trichophytin Reactions in Children With Tinea Capitis

Je, Rasmussen; Ar, Ahmed

doi:10.1001/archderm.1978.01640150007002

Cited by 52 publications

(12 citation statements)

References 6 publications

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“…Nucleotide and deduced amino acid sequences of recombinant Tri r 4. The NH 2 -terminal amino acid residues (positions [1][2][3][4][5][6][7][8][9][10][11][12][13][14][15][16][17][18][19] contain the conserved features of a signal peptide with a predicted cleavage site between Ala 19 and Phe 20 . Underlined regions represent amino acid sequences previously obtained for the NH 2 terminus and for six enzymatically generated peptides of natural Tri t 4.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Trichophyton Antigens Associated with IgE Antibodies and Delayed Type Hypersensitivity

Woodfolk¹,

Wheatley²,

Piyasena³

et al. 1998

Journal of Biological Chemistry

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The dermatophyte fungus Trichophyton exhibits unique immunologic properties by its ability to cause both immediate and delayed type hypersensitivity. An 83-kDa Trichophyton tonsurans allergen (Tri t 4) was previously shown to elicit distinct T lymphocyte cytokine profiles in vitro. The homologous protein, Tri r 4, was cloned from a Trichophyton rubrum cDNA library, and the recombinant protein was expressed in Pichia pastoris. This 726-amino acid protein contained an arrangement of catalytic triad residues characteristic of the prolyl oligopeptidase family of serine proteinases (Ser-Asp-His). In addition, a novel Trichophyton allergen, encoding 412 amino acids, was identified by its human IgE antibody-binding activity. Sequence similarity searches showed that this allergen, designated Tri r 2, contained all of the conserved residues characteristic of the class D subtilase subfamily (41-58% overall sequence identity). Forty-two percent of subjects with immediate hypersensitivity skin test reactions to a Trichophyton extract exhibited IgE antibody binding to a recombinant glutathione S-transferase fusion protein containing the carboxyl-terminal 289 amino acids of Tri r 2. Furthermore, this antigen was capable of inducing delayed type hypersensitivity skin test reactions. Our results define two distinct antigens derived from the dermatophyte Trichophyton that serve as targets for diverse immune responses in humans.Dermatophyte fungi of the genus Trichophyton colonize keratinized tissues in humans including nails, hair shafts, and the stratum corneum of the skin. Trichophyton tonsurans, Trichophyton mentagrophytes, and Trichophyton rubrum are common causes worldwide of tinea capitis, athlete's foot, and onychomycosis (infection of the nail beds) (1). An estimated 30 -70% of adults are asymptomatic carriers of these pathogens, and the incidence of symptomatic disease increases with age (2). The immune response to antigens derived from Trichophyton is unique in that both immediate hypersensitivity (IH) 1 and delayed type hypersensitivity (DTH) skin test reactions are induced. Studies suggest that the nature of the underlying immune response to Trichophyton antigens is related to the severity of dermatophytosis; IH skin tests are associated with chronic recurrent infections characterized by low-grade inflammatory lesions and the presence of IgE antibodies (Ab) (4 -7). In contrast, DTH reactions are associated with highly inflamed lesions that resolve spontaneously and a resistance to re-infection (4, 8 -13). The implication of these findings is that cellmediated immune responses to Trichophyton are more effective at eradicating infection and may confer protection. Chronic dermatophytosis has been associated with allergic disease in the respiratory tract in individuals with immediate hypersensitivity (14 -17). Furthermore, exposure to Trichophyton proteins may result in bronchial sensitization and symptomatic asthma that can be controlled with systemic antifungal therapy (7,18,19).Experimental mouse models support a role...

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Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Trichophyton Antigens Associated with IgE Antibodies and Delayed Type Hypersensitivity

Woodfolk¹,

Wheatley²,

Piyasena³

et al. 1998

Journal of Biological Chemistry

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“…The presence of tinea corporis or an id reaction in a child should also prompt a search for TC. [5] As is true for most infectious diseases, the epidemiology of TC is in a constant state of flux, and varies considerably with respect to geography and specific population groups. [6] This fact prompted the present study, aimed at evaluating the clinical and etiologic profile of TC in a pediatric super-specialty hospital in the city of Delhi, India.…”

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confidence: 99%

Tinea capitis in the pediatric population: A study from North India

Grover¹,

Arora²,

Manchanda³

2010

Indian J Dermatol Venereol Leprol

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“…It is negative during the epidermal or follicular invasive phases. 7 Therapy is based on the use of oral griseofulvin at a dosage of 10 to 20 mg/kg/d of the microsize product (5 to 10 mg/kg/d of the ultramicrosize form) for six to eight weeks. A culture must be taken when clinical resolution occurs and therapy continued until the culture is negative.'…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Patchy Alopecia in a Young Girl

Zoberman-Saltiel¹

1989

Arch Dermatol

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Trichophytin Reactions in Children With Tinea Capitis

Cited by 52 publications

References 6 publications

Trichophyton Antigens Associated with IgE Antibodies and Delayed Type Hypersensitivity

Trichophyton Antigens Associated with IgE Antibodies and Delayed Type Hypersensitivity

Tinea capitis in the pediatric population: A study from North India

Patchy Alopecia in a Young Girl

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