Trichothecene-mediated in vitro selection in wheat for reduced mycotoxin accumulation caused by Fusarium graminearum

Abstract

Eudes, F., Comeau, A., Rioux, S. and Collin, J. 2008. Trichothecene-mediated in vitro selection in wheat for reduced mycotoxin accumulation caused by Fusarium graminearum. Can. J. Plant Sci. 88: 1115Á1125. Trichothecene, a factor of aggressiveness of Fusarium graminearum in wheat fusarium head blight (FHB), was evaluated in an anther co-culture assay for the regeneration of doubled haploid (DH) lines with reduced mycotoxin accumulation. A Fusarium graminearum culture filtrate and a defined mixture of purified trichothecenes were compared with a control treatment in two F 1 -derived microspores populations. Frontana and Katepwa were the FHB resistant and intermediate resistant sources, respectively, and the cultivar Norseman was the FHB susceptible parent. A preliminary evaluation of the subpopulations of DH lines, using the point inoculation method in the greenhouse, showed selection effects for FHB resistance in the trichothecene co-cultured Frontana/Norseman subpopulation only. Three years of field evaluation using the spray inoculation method revealed that the DH subpopulation from the F 1 hybrid Frontana/Norseman co-culture in the presence of trichothecenes accumulated consistently less deoxynivalenol (DON) in the grain than the control subpopulation. The FHB symptoms were also significantly reduced for 1 yr (2001) in the same subpopulation. This subpopulation showed increased test weight, plant height and a 1.1-d delay in heading date when compared with the control subpopulation, under disease pressure. A trichothecene co-cultured DH subpopulation from Katepwa/Norseman also had a significantly lower DON content for 1 yr.Key words: Androgenesis, disease resistance, Gibberella zeae, mycotoxin, Triticum aestivum, wheat scab Eudes, F., Comeau, A., Rioux, S. et Collin, J. 2008. Se´lection in vitro avec des trichothe´ce`nes en vue d'une re´duction de la concentration de mycotoxine de Fusarium graminearum chez le ble´. Can. J. Plant Sci. 88: 1115Á1125. Les auteurs ont e´valueĺ es trichothe´ce`nes, facteur de l'agressivite´de Fusarium graminearum dans la fusariose de l'e´pi du ble´(FEB), lors d'une co-culture d'anthe`res en vue de la re´ge´ne´ration de ligne´es haploı¨des double´es (HD) qui accumuleraient moins de mycotoxines. Ils ont compare´un filtrat de Fusarium graminearum et un me´lange de´fini de trichothe´ce`nes purifie´es a`un traitement te´moin sur deux populations de microspores venant de la F 1 . Les varie´te´s Frontana et Katepwa e´taient les sources de re´sistance et de tole´rance a`la FEB, tandis que Norseman servait de parent sensible a`la maladie. Lorsqu'on utilise la me´thode d'inoculation ponctuelle en serre, l'e´valuation pre´liminaire des sous-populations DH re´ve`le que la se´lection pour la re´sistance a`la FEB n'affecte que la sous-population Frontana/Norseman cultive´e avec des trichothe´ce`nes. Trois anne´es d'e´valuation sur le terrain avec la technique d'inoculation par pulve´risation indiquent que la sous-population DH issue de la co-culture des hybrides de la F 1 Frontana/Norseman avec ...

Greenhouse Studies Reveal Increased Aggressiveness of Emergent Canadian Fusarium graminearum Chemotypes in Wheat

“…These include two suscepfible cultivars, 'Superb' and 'Crystal', both of which are cultivated in the western Canadian prairies, two lines with Type I resistance, FEl and CIMMYT 11, one line with Type II resistance, 'Sumai 3'-derived CM82036, and eight DH wheat genotypes derived from crosses between the susceptible and resistant lines. DH genotypes were generated by in vitro selection of microspore-derived embryos from Fl hybrids as described by Eudes et al (14). Tillers were collected from Fl hybrids and stored in the dark at 4°C for 3 weeks.…”

“…Tillers were collected from Fl hybrids and stored in the dark at 4°C for 3 weeks. Anthers were then collected at the mid-to late uninucleate microspore stage and transferred to petri dishes (35 X 10 mm) containing 5 ml of induction medium (14) supplemented with a trichothecene mixture (0.23 mg/liter DQN, 0.23 mg/liter 15-ADQN, 0.47 mg/liter NIV, and 0.7 mg/liter T-2 toxin; all from Sigma or Sigma-Aldrich, St. Louis, MO). After 6 weeks of incubation at 27 ± 1°C, scutellum stage embryos and embryo-like structures were transferred to regeneration medium, and plantlet regeneration, propagation, and DH production were conducted as described in Eudes et al (14), The parent genotype FEl, was previously produced using a similar method (F, Eudes, A. Comeau, S. Rioux, and J. Collin, unpublished data).…”

Differential transcriptome analyses of three wheat genotypes reveal different host response pathways associated with Fusarium head blight and trichothecene resistance

“…Superb pedigree were used in the current study. Superb is a susceptible Canadian cultivar; GS‐1‐EM0040 (CIMMYT 11/Superb*2) and GS‐1‐EM0168 (CM82036/Superb*2) are double haploid lines generated by in vitro selection of microspore‐derived embryos using a trichothecene toxin screen (0·23 mg L −1 deoxynivalenol, 0·23 mg L −1 15‐O‐acety‐4‐deoxynivalenol, 0·47 mg L −1 nivalenol, and 0·7 mg L −1 T2 toxin) as described by Eudes et al. (2008).…”

“…Agronomic properties (plant height, yield, maturity and lodging) were recorded in 2006 at four sites, each with three blocks of four rows, at Agriculture and Agri‐Foods Canada in Lethbridge, Alberta. FHB resistance was evaluated both in the greenhouse and in the field as described in Eudes et al. (2008).…”

Selection in Vitro of the Winter Common Wheat Under the Influence of Fusaric Acid

“…Îäíèì з гîëîâíèх пèòàíü зàëèшàєòüñÿ ñêîðî÷åííÿ ñòðîê³â ñåëåêö³ї ñò³éêèх фîðì пшåíèö³, îñê³ëüêè ñò³éê³ñòü í³âåëюєòüñÿ ÷åðåз äåê³ëüêà пîêîë³íü пî ðÿäó пðè÷èí, îäíà з ÿêèх -âèñîêèé ð³âåíü ì³íëèâîñò³ òà àäàпòàö³ї пàòîгåí³â [5]. Тîìó, àêòóàëüíèì є зàëó÷åííÿ äî òðàäèö³éíîї ñåëåêö³ї б³î-òåхíîëîг³÷íèх ìåòîä³â гàпëîїä³ї â пîєäíàíí³ ³з ñåëåêö³єю in vitro [6,7]. У öüîìó зâ'ÿзêó ìåòîю äàíîї ðîбîòè ñòàëî äîñë³äжåííÿ пèòàííÿ щîäî ìîðфîгåíåзó гàìåòîф³òó пшåíèö³ íà ð³зíèх фàзàх éîгî ðîзâèòêó зà âпëèâó ñåëåêòèâíîгî фàêòîðó â óìîâàх in vitro, à òàêîж âèзíà÷åííÿ åфåêòèâíîñò³ âèêîðèñòàííÿ фóзàð³єâîгî ì³êîòîêñèíó â ñåëåêòèâí³é ñèñòåì³ in vitro äëÿ äîбîðó фîðì ³з ñò³éê³ñòю äî F. graminearum.…”