Triclosan-induced liver injury in zebrafish (Danio rerio) via regulating MAPK/p53 signaling pathway

Liu, Mi; Ai, Weiming; Sun, Liankun; Fang, Fang; Wang, Xuedong; Chen, Shaobo; Wang, Huili

doi:10.1016/j.cbpc.2019.04.016

Cited by 31 publications

(17 citation statements)

References 62 publications

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“…Significantly higher activity of both AST and ALT in the present study after 7 and 14 days of exposure may have been for breakdown of free amino acids for production of additional energy for maintenance of homeostasis and is supported by Kumar et al 67 and Fu et al 68 . Observations of Liu et al 69 that TCS increased the level of MAPK and p53 in the hatchlings and liver of adult of zebrafish, also support the increased activity of these metabolic enzymes throughout the exposure in the present study. When the stress of TCS subsided during the recovery period, a decline was observed in the activity of AST and ALT in all the species.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 91%

Biomarkers for the toxicity of sublethal concentrations of triclosan to the early life stages of carps

Dar

Sharma

Singh

et al. 2020

Sci Rep

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Accumulation, contents of protein, non-enzymatic antioxidant glutathione (GSH and GSSG), lipid peroxidation product (melondialdehyde-MDA) and organic acids (fumarate, succinate, malate and citrate), and activities of neurological (acetylcholinesterase-AChE), detoxification (glutathione S-transferase-GST) and metabolic (lactate dehydrogenase-LDH, aspartate transaminase-AST and alanine transaminase-ALT) enzymes were recorded in the hatchlings of Cyprinus carpio, Ctenopharyngodon idella, Labeo rohita and Cirrhinus mrigala after 7 and 14 days exposure and 10 days post exposure (recovery period) to sublethal concentrations (0.005, 0.01, 0.02 and 0.05 mg/L) of triclosan, a highly toxic and persistent biocide used in personal care products. Accumulation was maximum between 7–14 days at 0.01 mg/L for C. carpio and L. rohita but at 0.005 mg/L for C. idella and C. mrigala. No triclosan was observed at 0.005 mg/L in C. carpio and C. mrigala after recovery. Significant decline in protein, glutathione and acetylcholinesterase but increase in glutathione S-transferase, lactate dehydrogenase, aspartate transaminase, alanine transaminase, melondialdehyde and organic acids over control during exposure continued till the end of recovery period. Integrated biomarker response (IBR) analysis depicted higher star plot area for glutathione and glutathione S-transferase during initial 7 days of exposure, thereafter, during 7–14 days of exposure and the recovery period, higher star plot area was observed for acetylcholinesterase, aspartate transaminase, alanine transaminase and organic acids. Higher star plot area was observed for protein in all the species throughout the study. The study shows that L. rohita is most sensitive and glutathione, acetylcholinesterase, aspartate transaminase and alanine transaminase are the biomarkers for the toxicity of sublethal concentrations of TCS.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 91%

Biomarkers for the toxicity of sublethal concentrations of triclosan to the early life stages of carps

Dar

Sharma

Singh

et al. 2020

Sci Rep

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Section: Description Of the State Of Knowledgementioning

confidence: 99%

“…TCS is detected at various concentrations in the tissues of humans and animals, but according to studies, in rats it accumulates mainly in the liver and adipose tissue; therefore, the liver, responsible for detoxification of the body, is an organ exposed to the harmful effects of TCS [23]. In a study on zebrafish, Liu et al indicated that TCS exposure induces apoptosis of hepatocytes through activation of the MAPK / p53 signaling pathway [23]. Increased expression of both mRNA and protein genes, is associated with significantly reduced expression of anti-apoptotic Bcl-2 mRNA (p < 0.05 or p < 0.01) and increased expression of pro-apoptotic Bax (p < 0.01 or p < 0.001) [23].…”

Section: Description Of the State Of Knowledgementioning

confidence: 99%

“…In a study on zebrafish, Liu et al indicated that TCS exposure induces apoptosis of hepatocytes through activation of the MAPK / p53 signaling pathway [23]. Increased expression of both mRNA and protein genes, is associated with significantly reduced expression of anti-apoptotic Bcl-2 mRNA (p < 0.05 or p < 0.01) and increased expression of pro-apoptotic Bax (p < 0.01 or p < 0.001) [23]. Additionally, TCS exposure increased hepatic weight and lipid accumulation in hepatocytes, which is related to its negative effect on lipid metabolism.…”

Section: Description Of the State Of Knowledgementioning

confidence: 99%

“…So far, there is a lack of in vivo human studies on the carcinogenicity of TCS [1]. However, in mice, TCS was reported as a peroxisome proliferator and long-time exposure to TCS contributed to liver fibrosis cirrhosis and development of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) [23,25]. TCS may induce the expression of drug resistance genes in MHCC97-H cells.…”

Section: Description Of the State Of Knowledgementioning

confidence: 99%

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Mechanism of action of triclosan as an endocrine-disrupting chemical with its impact on human health – literature review

Maksymowicz¹,

Machowiec²,

Ręka³

et al. 2021

J Pre Clin Clin Res.

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Introduction and objective.Triclosan is a synthetic, aromatic organic chemical compound with antimicrobial properties. Due to its wide application as a preservative in cosmetics, antiperspirants, plastics, or surgical sutures, various mechanisms of TCS action on the human body are described. The study focus on the analysis of antimicrobial properties, effects on metabolism, immunity and the endocrine system, as well as carcinogenesis. Review methods. The latest literature available on 13 June 2021 was reviewed by using the PubMed and Google Scholar databases. There were 34 papers selected for analysis after reading the abstracts, which met the assumed criteria. Brief description of the state of knowledge. Triclosan can be used as an antimicrobial against bacteria such as Staphylococcus aureus, Mycobacterium tuberculosis. However, over-exposure to TCS can also contribute to the acquisition of resistance in bacteria. Interestingly, triclosan as an endocrine disrupting chemical (EDC) might disrupt thyroid, ovarian, or testis homeostasis, having a potential impact on reproductive health. TCS via an estrogen receptor signaling pathway can raise estrogen and progesterone secretion and promote development of hormone-dependent neoplasms, such as breast and ovarian cancer. The chemical has also potential to induce cell proliferation of prostate cancer cells. On the other hand, it contributes to apoptosis in Burkitt lymphoma-derived cells, which means that TCS can have antitumour properties. Conclusion.Triclosan is a commonly usean antimicrobial agent in medical and consumer care products. Due to its unclear impact on organisms, further studies are necessary regarding both the use of TCS as an antibacterial agent and possible harmful effects on the human body.

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Signaling pathways of oxidative stress in aquatic organisms exposed to xenobiotics

Silvestre

2020

J Exp Zool Pt A

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Oxidative stress is frequently generated in cells of organisms exposed to environmental pollutants. The production of reactive oxygen species can have either adaptive or maladaptive consequences for the organism as well as for the entire population. However, regarding fish species and other invertebrates exposed to aquatic xenobiotics, the signaling pathways of oxidative stress still lacks a comprehensive characterization. After reviewing the recent literature, we show that important pathways described in mammals are also activated in aquatic species in response to a variety of xenobiotics. A central actor is the Nrf2/Keap1 pathway, which regulates the expression of ARE‐driven genes including Gr, Gpx, or Cat. Other important activated pathways concern PPAR, MAPKs, NF‐κB, and even AhR. Moreover, the autophagy and apoptosis pathways are also involved in the cellular response to oxidative stress. Importantly, there exists crosstalks between these pathways, which together activate a complex cellular antioxidative machinery in response to different xenobiotics. However, our knowledge of these responses in aquatic organisms is still fragmentary. Efforts should be made to extend the number of studied species and better characterize the organ‐dependency and age‐dependency of the responses. However, the huge number and variety of chemicals present in the environment makes the task difficult. Deciphering these key pathways can help to understand the mode of action of pollutants and consequently help to assess the environmental risk in aquatic ecosystems.

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Triclosan-induced liver injury in zebrafish (Danio rerio) via regulating MAPK/p53 signaling pathway

Cited by 31 publications

References 62 publications

Biomarkers for the toxicity of sublethal concentrations of triclosan to the early life stages of carps

Biomarkers for the toxicity of sublethal concentrations of triclosan to the early life stages of carps

Mechanism of action of triclosan as an endocrine-disrupting chemical with its impact on human health – literature review

Signaling pathways of oxidative stress in aquatic organisms exposed to xenobiotics

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