Tricuspid atresia with restrictive foramen ovale: A rare combination with implications on fetal growth

Abstract

Restrictive atrial communication is rarely reported in tricuspid atresia but when present it can lead to important morbidity. We describe two fetuses with tricuspid atresia with restrictive foramen ovale who were found to have fetal growth failure. Fetal echocardiography detected a restrictive atrial communication by flow acceleration on color Doppler and significant right atrial dilation in one patient; the atrial septum was not well interrogated in the other patient. Restrictive foramen ovale in tricuspid atresia may be associated with fetal growth failure. Color Doppler interrogation of the atrial septum on fetal echocardiogram may help identify this condition prenatally.

The Fontan outcomes network: first steps towards building a lifespan registry for individuals with Fontan circulation in the United States

“…1 Since it was first reported in 1971, indications for the operation have expanded, and iterative modifications have improved both early and late outcomes. [2][3][4][5] As a result, greater numbers of individuals with Fontan circulation are reaching adolescence and adulthood. 6 However, a variety of cardiac and extracardiac complications and co-morbidities have been recognised which negatively impact physical and mental health, quality of life, and longevity.…”

Echocardiographic features and outcome of restrictive foramen ovale in fetuses with and without cardiac malformations: Literature review

“…RFO includes either a tighted FO orifice or anomalies in shape or motion of the FO valve 4 and could be the consequence of a primary anomalous development of the septum primum or the result of the increased left atrial pressure 5,6 . RFO could lead to fetal hydrops, arrhythmias and low birthweight as a result of progressive circulatory failure due to pulmonary congestion 6–8 . In several cases, the RFO could be associated with other types of cardiac defects, such as ventricular septal anomalies, mitral and aortic atresia, D‐Transposition of the Great Arteries (dTGA) 9 and Hypoplastic left heart syndrome (HLHS) 10–14 .…”

“…5,6 RFO could lead to fetal hydrops, arrhythmias and low birthweight as a result of progressive circulatory failure due to pulmonary congestion. [6][7][8] In several cases, the RFO could be associated with other types of cardiac defects, such as ventricular septal anomalies, mitral and aortic atresia, D-Transposition of the Great Arteries (dTGA) 9 and Hypoplastic left heart syndrome (HLHS). [10][11][12][13][14] If untreated, RFO has a poor prognosis and might also lead to death during the intrauterine life 5,11,12,15,16 or immediately after birth, 17 particularly in fetuses with other coexisting congenital heart defects.…”