Tridimensional observation of fluorescent granular perithelial (FGP) cells in rat cerebral blood vessels

Mato, Masao; Aikawa, Eizo; Mato, Takashi; Kurihara, K.

doi:10.1002/ar.1092150413

Cited by 23 publications

(29 citation statements)

References 14 publications

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“…Morphologically, the barrier is attributed to the continuous tight junctions between endothelial cells. In addition to the existence of a barrier function of capillary endothelial cells, accumulating evidence suggests the involvement of a specific type of cell in the barrier and scavenger functions in brain blood vessels (5)(6)(7)(8)(9)(10)(11)(12)(13)(14)(15)(16)(17). Exogenous macromolecules injected into blood vessels or cerebral ventricles accumulated in a specific type of perivascular cell.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Involvement of specific macrophage-lineage cells surrounding arterioles in barrier and scavenger function in brain cortex.

Mato

Ookawara

Sakamoto

et al. 1996

Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A.

172

145

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mentioning

confidence: 99%

Involvement of specific macrophage-lineage cells surrounding arterioles in barrier and scavenger function in brain cortex.

Mato

Ookawara

Sakamoto

et al. 1996

Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A.

172

145

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“…FGP cells swelled and the lumen of the blood vessel became thinner (9). This is one mechanism accounting for disturbance of the blood stream, but no atherosclerotic lesions were found in perivascular regions in the rat cerebellar cortex under the present conditions.…”

Section: Uptake Of Lipids and Lipid Metabolism In The Fgp Cellsmentioning

confidence: 45%

“…Fluorescent granular perithelial cells (FGP cells) are a type of perivascular cell with yellow autofluorescent granules in their cytoplasm and are present in the brains of many animals including humans (9)(10)(11)(12)(13)(14)(15)(16). The FGP cells are located outside blood vessels, in the space between the basal lamina of vascular smooth muscle cells and glia limitans of astrocytic processes (Virchow-Robin space).…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Localization of Lipids and Lipoprotein in Perivascular FGP Cells of Rat Cerebellar Cortex.

Nakazawa

Nishikawa

Aikawa

et al. 1994

Acta Histochem. Cytochem

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A type of perivascular cell (fluorescent granular perithelial cell; FGP cell) found around the blood vessels of the rat brain contains granules which show auto-fluorescence in the cytoplasm. In this study, the localization of lipids and low-density lipoprotein (LDL) in these FGP cells was investigated cytochemically and immunocytochemically in order to determine the functions of FGP cells.The cerebellar cortexes of male Wistar rats, aged 8 weeks to 30 months, were used. Triglyceride (TG), phospholipid (PL) and cholesteryl ester (CE) were revealed in FGP cells by using enzymic digestive methods. Endocytotic vesicles containing TG, PL and CE were located inside the FGP cells and were fused with granules. G1, G3, G4 and foamy G5 granules had TG, PL, CE and LDL in and around their membranes. G2 granules, with lower electron density than G1 granules, contained TG, PL, CE and LDL in their heterogeneous matrices. Lipids appeared to occur in granules as a lipoprotein.The results suggest that FGP cells take up TG, PL and CE by endocytosis and internalize them into these granules as components of LDL, playing the role of a scavenger macrophage in the perivascular space of the central nervous system. Fluorescent granular perithelial cells (FGP cells) are a type of perivascular cell with yellow autofluorescent granules in their cytoplasm and are present in the brains of many animals including humans (9-16). The FGP cells are located outside blood vessels, in the space between the basal lamina of vascular smooth muscle cells and glia limitans of astrocytic processes (Virchow-Robin space). The granules showing autofluorescence are 0.05-1.5 am in diameter in rats, and are variable in their electron density. It has been suggested that these granules contain lipids, based on their stainability with Sudan Blanck B. The FGP cells have potent uptake capacity for horseradish peroxidase, high molecular waste products and fat into the granules, and thus serve as macrophages. The precise way in which lipids are stored has not yet been elucidated, however.Scavenger receptors for oxidized LDL (low-density lipoprotein)' have been revealed in perivascular macrophages of bovine brain, and have been implicated in the development of atherosclerosis and various macrophage-associated functions (19). Recently, perivascular macrophages were identified as FGP cells by Mato et al. (16). The scavenger receptor-mediated pathway of modified LDL in macrophages has been well studied (23, 4). However, the uptake and pathway, of unmodified and modified LDL of the FGP cell in lipid metabolism are not known.In this study the distribution of triglycerides (TG), phospholipids (PL) and cholesteryl esters (CE) in FGP cells was investigated by enzymic digestive methods (18). The localization of LDL was investigated immunohistochemically. How FGP cells store lipids in their cytoplasm and granules, how LDL is metabolized in a FGP cell, and the functions of FGP cells were evaluated on the basis of the results obtained.

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“…As was reported previously, Mato's FGP cells are situated between blood vessels and neural tissue in the central nervous system (Mato et al, 1986;Ookawara et al, 1996). They function as scavenger cells in the vascular wall and in the brain (Mato and Sakamoto, 1994;Mato et al, 1996) and are derived from pial cells surrounding blood vessels at the early stage of postnatal life (Mato et al, 1985).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 73%

“…Using light and electron microscopy and immunohistochemistry, we have been engaged in the study of a specific type of perivascular macrophage, known as Mato's fluorescent granular perithelial (FGP) cells (Mato and Ookawara, 1979;Mato et al, 1980Mato et al, , 1984Mato et al, , 1985Mato et al, , 1986Mato et al, , 1989Mato and Sakamoto, 1994;Ookawara et al, 1996). We recently demonstrated the localization of the scavenger receptor on the cytoplasmic membrane of these cells (Mato et al, 1996).…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Growth retardation of Mato's fluorescent granular perithelial (FGP) cells in scavenger receptor knockout (SRKO) mice

1997

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Tridimensional observation of fluorescent granular perithelial (FGP) cells in rat cerebral blood vessels

Cited by 23 publications

References 14 publications

Involvement of specific macrophage-lineage cells surrounding arterioles in barrier and scavenger function in brain cortex.

Involvement of specific macrophage-lineage cells surrounding arterioles in barrier and scavenger function in brain cortex.

Localization of Lipids and Lipoprotein in Perivascular FGP Cells of Rat Cerebellar Cortex.

Growth retardation of Mato's fluorescent granular perithelial (FGP) cells in scavenger receptor knockout (SRKO) mice

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