Trifluoperazine versus placebo for schizophrenia

Abstract

Background Trifluoperazine is a long-established high potency typical antipsychotic drug used in the treatment of schizophrenia and schizophrenialike illnesses. Objectives To determine absolute effects of trifluoperazine for schizophrenia and schizophrenia-like illnesses compared with placebo. To critically appraise and summarise current evidence on the resource use, cost and economic evaluation of trifluoperazine compared with placebo for schizophrenia. Search methods Searches of the Cochrane Schizophrenia Group's register of trials (July 2012), supplemented with handsearching, reference searching, personal communication and contact with industry. Two review authors undertook a search for economic studies using the Cochrane Schizophrenia Group's Health Economic Database (CSzGHED) on the 9th April 2013. Selection criteria All available clinical randomised trials involving people with schizophrenia and schizophrenia-like illnesses that compare trifluoperazine with placebo. Data collection and analysis Studies for the effects of interventions were reliably selected by a review team and data were doubly independently extracted to reduce bias. We only used dichotomous data, using intention-to-treat analysis when possible. Data were estimated using risk ratio (RR) with 95% confidence intervals (CI). A 'Summary of findings' table was produced, where possible, for each primary outcome using GRADE. Economic studies were searched and reliably selected by review authors (VF and SS) to provide an economic summary of available data. Where no relevant economic studies were eligible for inclusion, the economic review team valued the already-included effectiveness outcome data to provide a rudimentary economic summary.

Potential Targets of Actein Identified by Systems Chemical Biology Methods

“…The members of the phenothiazine group, including prochlorperazine, promazine, fluphenazine, trifluoperazine, perphenazine, and levomepromazine, mainly act on dopamine receptors, alpha‐adrenergic receptors, histamine receptors, muscarinic acetylcholine receptors and serotonin receptors, respectively. For example, trifluoperazine, an effective antipsychotic for patients with schizophrenia and generalized anxiety disorder, is reported to block the dopamine D1 and D2 receptors in the mesoderm and midbrain marginal pathways, alleviating symptoms of schizophrenia, such as hallucinations, delusions and disordered thoughts and speech . Protriptyline, which belongs to the TCA group, has a significant effect on 5‐HT uptake .…”

Refocusing the Use of Psychiatric Drugs for Treatment of Gastrointestinal Cancers

“…Trifluoperazine: decreased appetite and induces nausea, insomnia, akathisia, dyskinesias, skin disorders, and tremors including convulsions, as well as, hyperprolactinaemia and galacthorrea ( 64 – 67 ).…”

Preparation and Characterization of Trifluoperazine Loaded Transdermal Patches for Sustained Release

“…Trifluoperazine (TFP) is an antipsychotic drug; it is widely used to treat psychotic conditions of acute and chronic schizophrenia, since 1950s. TFP is the first generation (typical antipsychotics) medication that has proved to be a potent phenothiazine derivative with a strong affinity to D2 receptors [1,2]. New generation antipsychotic drugs are available for claiming fewer extrapyramidal side effects.…”