“…As expected from [24] frequency-doubled filaments are more efficient in lowering the breakdown threshold than their fundamental counterpart. Furthermore, the breakdown voltage observed with the triple-frequency scheme (blue curve on Fig.…”
Section: Discussionmentioning
confidence: 64%
“…Efforts to overcome that limitation focused on optimizing the wavelength, from the UV [17,18,22,23], the visible [24], the near-IR [19,20,21,24,25,26], up to 4 µm in the Mid-IR [27].…”
We study the use of frequency upconversion schemes of near-IR picosecond laser pulses and compare their ability to guide and trigger electric discharges through filamentation in air. Upconversion, such as Second Harmonic Generation, is favorable for triggering electric discharges for given amount of available laser energy, even taking into account the losses inherent to frequency conversion. We focus on the practical question of optimizing the use of energy from a given available laser system and the potential advantage to use frequency conversion schemes.
“…As expected from [24] frequency-doubled filaments are more efficient in lowering the breakdown threshold than their fundamental counterpart. Furthermore, the breakdown voltage observed with the triple-frequency scheme (blue curve on Fig.…”
Section: Discussionmentioning
confidence: 64%
“…Efforts to overcome that limitation focused on optimizing the wavelength, from the UV [17,18,22,23], the visible [24], the near-IR [19,20,21,24,25,26], up to 4 µm in the Mid-IR [27].…”
We study the use of frequency upconversion schemes of near-IR picosecond laser pulses and compare their ability to guide and trigger electric discharges through filamentation in air. Upconversion, such as Second Harmonic Generation, is favorable for triggering electric discharges for given amount of available laser energy, even taking into account the losses inherent to frequency conversion. We focus on the practical question of optimizing the use of energy from a given available laser system and the potential advantage to use frequency conversion schemes.
“…The condition of the pre-ionized plasma varies with the expanding, and it will dictate the subsequent compression dynamics and the spectral properties of the Z-pinch. Moreover, the pre-ionized plasma results in a much lower threshold for the breakdown voltage as well [18]. In this way, study of the delay between the triggering laser and the current, may be useful for the optimizing of the EUV emission.…”
The effect of laser-current delay on extreme ultraviolet emission by laser-triggered discharge-plasma has been investigated. Typical waveforms for current, voltage, laser signals, and X-ray signals have been compared. Theoretical tin spectra were simulated among the electron temperature ranges from 10 to 50 eV to compare with the experimental results. The results show that longer laser-current delay time is propitious to increase the steady-state time of plasma at high temperatures, and it increases the intensity and spectral purity of 13.5 nm emission in 2% band. The 13.5 nm radiation intensity increases about 120% with the delay increasing from 0.7 to 5 μs, and the extreme ultraviolet (EUV) emission conversion efficiency (CE) increases from 0.5% to 1.1%.
“…Conversely, the ionization of O 2 only needs three photons at 266 nm instead of eight at 800 nm. The multiphoton ionization is therefore more efficient at shorter wavelengths, which results in much higher plasma densities in the case of an ultraviolet laser [17,18]. Furthermore, they produce a more homogeneous plasma channel than their near-infrared counterpart [19], and can give rise to similar multiple filamentation patterns [20] that provide numerous filaments in parallel, adding up their conductivities.…”
We investigate the triggering and guiding of DC high-voltage discharges over a distance of 37 cm by filaments produced by ultraviolet (266 nm) laser pulses of 200 ps duration. The latter reduce the breakdown electric field by half and allow up to 80% discharge probability in an electric field of 920 kV m . This high efficiency is not further increased by adding nanosecond pulses in the Joule range at 532 and at 1064 nm. However, the latter statistically increases the guiding length, thereby accelerating the discharge by a factor of 2. This effect is due both to photodetachment and to the heating of the plasma channel, that increases the efficiency of avalanche ionization and reduces electron attachment and recombination.
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