Trimethylguanosine Synthase1 (TGS1) Is Essential for Chilling Tolerance

Gao, Jinpeng; Wallis, James G.; Jewell, Jeremy B.; Browse, John

doi:10.1104/pp.17.00340

Cited by 13 publications

(22 citation statements)

References 78 publications

(93 reference statements)

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“…For example, loss of S. cerevisiae TGS1 is complemented by a wild type human TGS1 gene but not by a TGS1 variant with mutations in the catalytic site (Hausmann et al, 2008). Similarly, the growth inhibition phenotype caused by mutations in S. cerevisiae TGS1 is rescued by a wild type Arabidopsis TGS1 gene but not by a gene carrying mutations in the methyltransferase catalytic domain (Gao et al, 2017). In line with these results, we have demonstrated that dTgs1 and hTGS1 carrying mutations in the catalytic domain (dTgs1 CD and hTGS1 CD ) are unable to rescue the phenotypic consequences of dTgs1 deficiency.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 74%

“…For example, loss of S. cerevisiae TGS1 is complemented by a wild type human TGS1 gene but not by a TGS1 variant with mutations in the catalytic site [5]. Similarly, the growth inhibition phenotype caused by mutations in S. cerevisiae TGS1 is rescued by a wild type Arabidopsis TGS1 gene but not by a gene carrying mutations in the methyltransferase catalytic domain [6]. shown that that dTgs1 interacts with the Gemin3 subunit of the SMN complex in a twohybrid assay [37].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…TGS1 is evolutionarily conserved and mediates hypermethylation of a variety of Pol IIdependent RNAs, including small nuclear (sn) RNAs, small nucleolar (sno) RNAs, telomerase RNA and selenoprotein mRNAs (Chen et al, 2020;Girard et al, 2008;Mouaikel et al, 2002;Wurth et al, 2014). TGS1 is not essential for viability in Saccharomyces cerevisiae, Schizosaccharomyces pombe or Arabidopsis thaliana, but loss of TGS1 renders both S. cerevisiae and A. thaliana sensitive to cold (Gao et al, 2017;Hausmann et al, 2008;Mouaikel et al, 2002). In contrast, loss of TGS1 causes larval lethality in Drosophila melanogaster (Komonyi et al, 2005;Komonyi et al, 2009;Raffa et al, 2009), and leads to early embryonic lethality in mice (Jia et al, 2012), indicating that cap hypermethylation has an essential role in animal development.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Intimate functional interactions between TGS1 and the Smn complex revealed by an analysis of the Drosophila eye development

Maccallini

Bavasso

Scatolini

et al. 2020

Preprint

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Trimethylguanosine synthase 1 (TGS1) is a conserved enzyme that mediates formation of the trimethylguanosine cap on several RNAs, including snRNAs and telomerase RNA. Previous studies have shown that TGS1 binds the Survival Motor Neuron (SMN) protein, whose deficiency causes spinal muscular atrophy (SMA). In addition, TGS1 depletion results in increased hTR levels and telomere elongation in human cells. Here, we analyzed the roles of the Drosophila orthologs of the human TGS1 and SMN genes.We show that the Drosophila TGS1 protein (dTgs1) physically interacts with all subunits of the Drosophila Smn complex (Smn, Gem2, Gem3, Gem4 and Gem5), and that a human TGS1 transgene rescues the mutant phenotype caused by dTgs1 loss. We demonstrate that both dTgs1 and Smn are required for viability of retinal progenitor cells and that downregulation of these genes leads to a reduced eye size. Importantly, overexpression of dTgs1 partially rescues the eye defects caused by Smn depletion, and vice versa. These results suggest that the Drosophila eye model can be exploited for screens aimed at the identification of genes and drugs that modify the phenotypes elicited by Tgs1 and Smn deficiency. These modifiers could help to devise new therapies for SMA and diseases caused by telomerase insufficiency.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 74%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Intimate functional interactions between TGS1 and the Smn complex revealed by an analysis of the Drosophila eye development

Maccallini

Bavasso

Scatolini

et al. 2020

Preprint

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“…In humans, spliceosome disorders have been linked to severe inherited diseases, such as spinal muscular atrophy, which is caused by reduced levels of SMN proteins ( Matera and Wang, 2014 ; Lanfranco et al, 2017 ). Plant molecular genetics studies revealed that genes involved in snRNP biogenesis are important for plant development ( Ohtani et al, 2008 , 2010 , 2013 ; Swaraz et al, 2011 ), circadian clock regulation ( Deng et al, 2010 ; Hong et al, 2010 ; Sanchez et al, 2010 ; Schlaen et al, 2015 ), stress tolerance ( Xiong et al, 2001 ; Zhang et al, 2011 ; Gao et al, 2017 ), and plant organ regeneration ( Ohtani and Sugiyama, 2005 ; Ohtani et al, 2010 , 2013 ) (reviewed by Staiger and Brown, 2013 ; Tsukaya et al, 2013 ; Shang et al, 2017 ; for the details, please see below), suggesting that snRNP biogenesis has indispensable roles in the differentiation and function of cells that are conserved between animals and plants.…”

Section: Current Model Of Spliceosomal Snrnp Assembly Based On Mammalmentioning

confidence: 99%

Plant snRNP Biogenesis: A Perspective from the Nucleolus and Cajal Bodies

Ohtani

2018

Front. Plant Sci.

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Small nuclear ribonucleoproteins (snRNPs) are protein–RNA complexes composed of specific snRNP-associated proteins along with small nuclear RNAs (snRNAs), which are non-coding RNA molecules abundant in the nucleus. snRNPs mainly function as core components of the spliceosome, the molecular machinery for pre-mRNA splicing. Thus, snRNP biogenesis is a critical issue for plants, essential for the determination of a cell’s activity through the regulation of gene expression. The complex process of snRNP biogenesis is initiated by transcription of the snRNA in the nucleus, continues in the cytoplasm, and terminates back in the nucleus. Critical steps of snRNP biogenesis, such as chemical modification of the snRNA and snRNP maturation, occur in the nucleolus and its related sub-nuclear structures, Cajal bodies. In this review, I discuss roles for the nucleolus and Cajal bodies in snRNP biogenesis, and a possible linkage between the regulation of snRNP biogenesis and plant development and environmental responses.

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“…Molecular, physiological, and metabolic processes, including gene expression, enzyme activity and metabolic homeostasis in tomato plants are found to change under chilling stresses (Barrero‐Gil et al ). Many genes encoding transcription factors, signal transduction proteins and enzymes are involved in the response and tolerance to cold stresses in plants (Yang et al , Yokotani et al , Ma et al , Qu et al , Bolt et al , Gao et al , Kim et al , Wang et al ). The transcriptional regulatory cascade mediated by C‐repeat‐binding factors and/or dehydration‐responsive element‐binding factors is the best known cold acclimation signaling pathway in plants, and cold‐responsive (COR) genes can protect plant cells against cold‐induced damage by encoding cryoprotective proteins (Thomashow , , Shi et al ).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

LcFIN2, a novel chloroplast protein gene from sheepgrass, enhances tolerance to low temperature in Arabidopsis and rice

Yang

Liu

et al. 2018

Physiologia Plantarum

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Adverse environmental stresses affect plant growth and crop yields. Sheepgrass (Leymus chinensis (Trin.) Tzvel), an important forage grass that is widely distributed in the east of Eurasia steppe, has high tolerance to extreme low temperature. Many genes that respond to cold stress were identified in sheepgrass by RNA-sequencing, but more detailed studies are needed to dissect the function of those genes. Here, we found that LcFIN2, a sheepgrass freezing-induced protein 2, encoded a chloroplast-targeted protein. Expression of LcFIN2 was upregulated by freezing, chilling, NaCl and abscisic acid (ABA) treatments. Overexpression of LcFIN2 enhanced the survival rate of transgenic Arabidopsis after freezing stress. Importantly, heterologous expression of LcFIN2 in rice exhibited not only higher survival rate but also accumulated various soluble substances and reduced membrane damage in rice under chilling stress. Furthermore, the chlorophyll content, the quantum photochemistry efficiency of photosystem II (ΦPSII), the non-photochemical quenching (NPQ), the net photosynthesis rate (Pn) and the expression of some chloroplast ribosomal-related and photosynthesis-related genes were higher in the transgenic rice under chilling stress. These findings suggested that the LcFIN2 gene could potentially be used to improve low-temperature tolerance in crops.

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Trimethylguanosine Synthase1 (TGS1) Is Essential for Chilling Tolerance

Cited by 13 publications

References 78 publications

Intimate functional interactions between TGS1 and the Smn complex revealed by an analysis of the Drosophila eye development

Intimate functional interactions between TGS1 and the Smn complex revealed by an analysis of the Drosophila eye development

Plant snRNP Biogenesis: A Perspective from the Nucleolus and Cajal Bodies

LcFIN2, a novel chloroplast protein gene from sheepgrass, enhances tolerance to low temperature in Arabidopsis and rice

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