Triple Passivation Approach to Laminate Perovskite Layers for Augmented UV and Ambient Stable Photovoltaics

Abstract

The instability of the perovskite solar cells (PSCs) toward ultraviolet (UV) irradiation and moisture is a limiting factor in terms of commercialization even after achieving excellent power conversion efficiencies (PCEs). Herein, an advanced triple passivation technique has been strategically designed and demonstrated utilizing UV-absorbing 2-benzoylpyridine (BP) molecules as a passivation additive to laminate perovskites and improve PSC stability. Double layers of BP were coated on both sides of the perovskite layer, and the molecule was also incorporated into the precursor solution. This strategy significantly improved the perovskite crystallinity and film quality, lowered the recombination, and enhanced the carrier transport in the PSC. The triple-passivated device exhibited a high PCE of 20.46% with almost negligible hysteresis. Further, passivated large-area (2.5 cm2) devices were also fabricated that demonstrated a PCE of 18.61%. Moreover, the triple passivation approach exhibited impressive UV and ambient stability because it can effectively shield the perovskite layer from UV illumination and moisture.

Trap State Passivation for Stabilizing Perovskite Solar Cells via Multifunctional Molecules

“…In triple passivation, the trap defects are passivated at all possible sites and from all possible sides using a multifunctional additive appearing as if the perovskite layer is laminated using the molecule. The molecular lamination of perovskite using the triple-passivation approach by benzoylpyridine (BP) molecule was demonstrated . Of course, this work has all the advantages of dual-passivation, such as resistance to oxygen and humidity for improved long-term stability.…”

“…The molecular lamination of perovskite using the triple-passivation approach by benzoylpyridine (BP) molecule was demonstrated. 26 Of course, this work has all the advantages of dualpassivation, such as resistance to oxygen and humidity for improved long-term stability. Additionally, the BP molecule below the perovskite facilitated an augmented UV stability as it could absorb in the UV region.…”

Design potential and future prospects of lead-free halide perovskites in photovoltaic devices

“…The perovskite solids have an inherent "so" crystal lattice, which is one of the main reasons for their poor stability and makes PSCs vulnerable to different external factors, such as moisture, UV-light, thermal annealing, and electric eld. [21][22][23][24][25] Some recent reviews have highlighted these factors and the current challenges with the stability of PSCs. [26][27][28] In terms of the severe concerns about the toxicity of Pb ion, it would be advantageous to discover alternate components that preserve the LHPs distinctive optoelectronic properties.…”

Efficient two-dimensional Cs2PbI2(SCN)2 perovskite solar cells via intermediate-modulated crystallization

“…9 Thus, in view of the many potential applications for PVSCs, research has focused on identifying new kinds of more stable halide perovskites and passivation approaches through compositional engineering. [10][11][12] Cubic perovskite structures are a three-dimensional (3D) array of corner sharing BX 6 octahedra with A site cations in cuboctahedral cavities. The general criteria for A, B, and X site ionic radii to form a 3D perovskite structure include a Goldschmidt tolerance factor (between 0.8 and 1.0) and octahedral factor (between 0.442 and 0.895).…”