Triple stratification effects on bioconvective stagnation point flow pertaining carbon nanotubes due to induced magnetic field

Abstract

The bioconvective stagnation point flow involving carbon nanotubes along a lengthening sheet subject to induced magnetic field and multiple stratification effects has been considered for investigation. Relevant similarity formulas are effectuated in converting the modelled equations into a first-order system of ODEs and are further treated in MATLAB using ODE45 and Newton Raphson method. Illustrations on the consequence of effectual parameters on the physical quantities and the flow profiles are achieved with the aid of graphs. It is observed that the nanofluid temperature profile ascends with augmenting volume fraction and Eckert number. The numerical veracity of the present study is displayed through a restrictive study with prior published works and a commendable agreement is noted. Nusselt number is found to elevate with volume fraction and lower with thermal stratification parameter. Moreover, the findings of the present numerical exploration have applications in biomedical imaging, hyperthermia, targeted drug delivery, and cancer therapy.

Swimming of microbes in entropy optimized nano‐bioconvective flow of Prandtl–Erying fluid

“…These fashions concur with numerous appraisals comprising Areekara et al, 12 Rana et al, 13 Khan et al, 22 and Ullah et al 27 Physically, heavier (Δ r ) amplifies the stretching velocity towards the ambient velocity, thus U upsurges. Moreover, for Δ r = 1 there is no borderline region owing to the fact that the working fluid and the sheet have identical velocities.…”

“…In this ongoing flow model stratification features have been taken into account because this process has multitudinous down‐to‐earth applications, such as for illustration, human transpiration, desalination, diluting of sheets and wires, fabricating of plastics and rubber sheets, and solar energy accumulators. Conclusively, the obtained upshots for triple stratification on this nano‐bioconvective flow problem are identical to the uncovered outcomes of Chu et al, 10 Areekara et al, 12 and Rana et al 13 Pictorial illustrations of some fascinating physical quantities for influential factors are uncovered in Figure 9A–H. Figure 9A portrays the skin friction for multifarious magnitudes of W 1 and W 2 .…”

“…It is important to indicate that Γ = 0 in expression ( 13) refers to without incorporating thermophoretic impact and Λ p = 0 in expression (12) corresponds to without contemplating the exothermic/endothermic process.…”

“…Shafiq et al 8 investigated the sensitivity analysis of bioconvective nanofluid flow in an exponential stretched surface with microorganisms. Multifarious researchers appraised the attributes of bioconvection in numerous appraisals 9–14 . Very recently, Bhatti et al 15 discussed the swimming behaviors of microorganisms between rotating circular plates.…”

“…Multifarious researchers appraised the attributes of bioconvection in numerous appraisals. [9][10][11][12][13][14] Very recently, Bhatti et al 15 discussed the swimming behaviors of microorganisms between rotating circular plates. The author used non-Newtonian Williamson fluid to describe the characteristics of microbes.…”