Triple-Valve Endocarditis in a Diabetic Patient: Case Report and Literature Review

Abstract

In this paper we describe the case of a 48-year-old male who was diagnosed with triple-valve endocarditis and provide a review of the literature to delineate what is already known and improve our understanding of this rare phenomenon.

Triple-valve replacement for Rhizobium radiobacter endocarditis with septic shock in an adult with ventricular septal defect. A case report

“…Triple-valve replacement for active IE is highly infrequent: besides the six cases gathered by Kadado [2] , we only found three more [9] , [10] , [11] . None of these nine cases combined underwent surgery after septic shock.…”

“…Triple-valve surgery is rarely performed in infective endocarditis (IE) (<2 % of procedures in the Italian IE Registry) [1] , and triple-valve replacement in IE is even less often: a 2018 review of the literature identified only six reported cases [2] . We report a case of Rhizobium radiobacter ( R. radiobacter ) triple-valve IE presented in septic shock affecting a young patient with neglected ventricular septal defect (VSD).…”

Triple Threat: Triple-Valve Endocarditis Case Report and Literature Review

“…Most of our understanding of TVE comes from limited clinical case reports, with a 2018 paper noting only 16 published cases. 2 Given this, much of the data regarding epidemiology and management of TVE is derived from a broader category of multivalvular endocarditis (MVE), which incorporates infections involving two or more valves. MVE is also infrequent, though rates of up to 18% have been identified among endocarditis cases.…”

“…Triple (TVE) or quadruple valve endocarditis is rare and infrequently described in the literature. Here we describe a case of TVE in an IV drug user 2 and provide a literature review of TVE identification, treatment, and prognosis.…”

Tri-Valvular Endocarditis in a Previously Normal Heart Misdiagnosed as Recurrent Valley Fever

“…The majority of IE cases typically involve only one valve, with two valve involvement being less frequent and triple or quadruple valve involvement reported to be extremely rare [6]. Interestingly, mortality rates seem to be similar between single and multiple valve IE, however, multivalvular involvement has an increased rate of congestive heart failure (CHF) complications requiring surgical management [7][8].…”