Triply heavy tetraquark states with the $QQ\bar{Q}\bar{q}$ Q Q Q ¯ q ¯ configuration

Chen, Kan; Liu, Xiang; Liu, Yan‐Rui; Wu, Jing; Zhu, Shi-Lin

doi:10.1140/epja/i2017-12199-3

Cited by 114 publications

(189 citation statements)

References 92 publications

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“…31,32 As for the FTIR curves of s-CER/PVA, it can be seen that the peaks at 1088 cm -1 and 1407 cm -1 become weaker with the annealing temperature increased from 323 to 423 K. This strongly suggests that the -OH content in PVA decreased when annealed at 423 K, likely due to dehydroxylation (based on TGA analysis). At the same time, the peak of the O-H stretching band shifts from 3300 cm -1 in the s-CER/PVA composite annealed at 323 K to 3388 cm -1 in the composite annealed at 423 K. This indicates that the -OH groups reacted with other reactive groups in s-CER at 423 K. 19,33,34 In addition, the sharp peak at 1035 cm -1 associated with symmetric O=S=O stretching vibrations becomes weaker at 423 K. In addtion, there is no peak at 772 cm -1 for the O 2 S-O-C bond of sulfonic acid ester 19,33 in the pure s-CER sample ( Fig. S2 (a)), however, this peak appears in the s-CER: PVA annealed at 323 K and becomes obviously stronger in that annealed at 423 K. This fact suggests that O 2 S-O-C bond was formed during the annealing process.…”

Section: Characterization Of the Compositesmentioning

confidence: 88%

Esterification of fatty acids from waste cooking oil to biodiesel over a sulfonated resin/PVA composite

Zhang

Gao

Zhao

et al. 2016

Catal. Sci. Technol.

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(2016) Esterification of fatty acids from waste cooking oil to biodiesel over a sulfonated resin/PVA composite. Catalysis Science and Technology, 2016 (6). pp. 5590-5598. ISSN 2044-4761 Access from the University of Nottingham repository: http://eprints.nottingham.ac.uk/33644/1/ZhangHL%20Catalysis%20Science %20%26%20Technology%202016%20online.pdf Copyright and reuse:The Nottingham ePrints service makes this work by researchers of the University of Nottingham available open access under the following conditions. This article is made available under the University of Nottingham End User licence and may be reused according to the conditions of the licence. For more details see: http://eprints.nottingham.ac.uk/end_user_agreement.pdf A note on versions:The version presented here may differ from the published version or from the version of record. If you wish to cite this item you are advised to consult the publisher's version. Please see the repository url above for details on accessing the published version and note that access may require a subscription. Sulfonated cation exchange resins (s-CER) have been widely studied as a replacement of liquid acids for the catalysis of esterification of free fatty acids (FFAs) to produce biodiesel with water as the only by-product. However, the water produced has strong affinity to sulfonate groups in s-CER, which blocks the reactive sites for esterification and thus reduces the activity of the catalyst. To overcome this technical barrier, we have designed an s-CER/PVA composite by incorporating s-CER fines within a poly (vinyl alcohol) (PVA) matrix. PVA has much stronger absorption preference of water than s-CER and has very low selectivity for the reactants (FFAs and methanol), which enables the continuous removal of the produced water and liberation of reactive sulfonate sites in s-CER for catalysis. With s-CER/PVA, the FFAs conversion was increased from 80.1 % to 97.5 % after 8-hour reaction and the turnover frequency (TOF) was increased more than 3.3 times. The TOF of s-CER/PVA was also 2.6 times of that of sulfuric acid, suggesting that the water less, heterogeneous sulfonate sites are more reactive than water-blocked homogeneous ones. The reusability of the s-CER/PVA was also enhanced due to that the produced water that could cause deactivation of the s-CER was largely removed by PVA.

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Section: Characterization Of the Compositesmentioning

confidence: 88%

Esterification of fatty acids from waste cooking oil to biodiesel over a sulfonated resin/PVA composite

Zhang

Gao

Zhao

et al. 2016

Catal. Sci. Technol.

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“…We have explored various tetraquark configurations in a model with the color-magnetic interaction, Q QQQ in [60], Q QQq in [61], and cscs in [62]. A general feature for the mass spectra of these systems is that both the lightest and the heaviest states are those with J P = 0 + .…”

Section: The Spectrummentioning

confidence: 99%

“…We will again adopt the framework of the simple color-magnetic interaction, although it is not a dynamical model. Recently, we have systematically applied it to tetraquark and pentaquark states in order to understand the nature of the observed exotic hadrons and to predict exotic phenomena [60][61][62][63]. Here, we calculate the mass splittings of the tetraquark states with the qqQQ configuration and estimate their mass spectrum, with which we further discuss their decay patterns.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Exotic tetraquark states with the $$qq\bar{Q}\bar{Q}$$ q q Q ¯ Q ¯ configuration

et al. 2017

Self Cite

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In this work, we study systematically the mass splittings of the qqQQ (q = u, d, s and Q = c, b) tetraquark states with the color-magnetic interaction by considering color mixing effects and estimate roughly their masses. We find that the color mixing effect is relatively important for the J P = 0 + states and possible stable tetraquarks exist in the nnQQ (n = u, d) and nsQQ systems either with J = 0 or with J = 1. Possible decay patterns of the tetraquarks are briefly discussed.

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“…The results showed that the inner layer fibers of hoop wall made significant contributions to longitudinal properties of luffa sponge column followed by the tangential properties, while the core part had lesser mechanical strength [22]. One of the possible explanations of the results could be the variable porosity distribution in the luffa sponge with lower porosity in the hoop wall and higher porosity in the core part.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 85%

In-depth Analysis of the Structure and Properties of Two-variety Natural Luffa Sponge Fibers

Chen¹,

Na²,

Zhang³

et al. 2017

Preprint

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Abstract:The advancement in science and technology has led to luffa sponge (LS) being widely used as a natural material in industrial application as its polyporous structure and light texture. In order to enhance the utility of LS fibers as the reinforcement of lightweight composite materials, this study investigate its water absorption, mechanical properties, anatomical characteristic and thermal performance. Hence, moisture regain, tensile properties of LS fiber bundles were measured in accordance with standards and the structural characteristics were investigated via microscopic observation. Scanning electron microscopy (SEM) was used to observe the surface morphology and fracture surface of fiber bundles. Test results shows that the special structure where the phloem tissues degenerate to cavities had a significant influence on the mechanical properties of LS fiber bundles. Additionally, the transverse sectional area occupied by fibers in a fiber bundle (S F ), wall thickness and ratio of wall to lumen of fiber cell, and crystallinity of cellulose had an impact on the mechanical properties of LS fiber bundles.

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Triply heavy tetraquark states with the $QQ\bar{Q}\bar{q}$ Q Q Q ¯ q ¯ configuration

Cited by 114 publications

References 92 publications

Esterification of fatty acids from waste cooking oil to biodiesel over a sulfonated resin/PVA composite

Esterification of fatty acids from waste cooking oil to biodiesel over a sulfonated resin/PVA composite

Exotic tetraquark states with the $$qq\bar{Q}\bar{Q}$$ q q Q ¯ Q ¯ configuration

In-depth Analysis of the Structure and Properties of Two-variety Natural Luffa Sponge Fibers

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