2023
DOI: 10.3390/life13071514
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Triterpenes as Potential Drug Candidates for Rheumatoid Arthritis Treatment

Abstract: Rheumatoid arthritis (RA) is a chronic autoimmune inflammatory disease characterized by joint inflammation, swelling and pain. Although RA mainly affects the joints, the disease can also have systemic implications. The presence of autoantibodies, such as anti-cyclic citrullinated peptide antibodies and rheumatoid factors, is a hallmark of the disease. RA is a significant cause of disability worldwide associated with advancing age, genetic predisposition, infectious agents, obesity and smoking, among other risk… Show more

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Cited by 9 publications
(6 citation statements)
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“…A fraction of A. millefolium rich in stigmasterol and β-sitosterol has been shown to have skin-calming and anti-inflammatory effects [39]. In addition, triterpene components have significant anti-inflammatory activity and may also contribute to specific pharmacological activity with implications for inflammation and cancerogenesis [45,46]. However, most of the studies were performed on the whole areal part of Achillea spp., without dissecting it into individual plant organs.…”
Section: Discussionmentioning
confidence: 99%
“…A fraction of A. millefolium rich in stigmasterol and β-sitosterol has been shown to have skin-calming and anti-inflammatory effects [39]. In addition, triterpene components have significant anti-inflammatory activity and may also contribute to specific pharmacological activity with implications for inflammation and cancerogenesis [45,46]. However, most of the studies were performed on the whole areal part of Achillea spp., without dissecting it into individual plant organs.…”
Section: Discussionmentioning
confidence: 99%
“…In a recent review, we gathered information on several triterpenic compounds as promising agents for the treatment of rheumatoid arthritis [ 5 ]. Celastrol, betulinic acid, nimbolide, and several ginsenosides stand out as potential drug candidates.…”
Section: Triterpenoids With Activity On Osteoarthritis Rheumatoid Art...mentioning
confidence: 99%
“…Several natural triterpenoids with anti-inflammatory and anti-arthritic activities described in recent literature [ 5 , 6 , 7 ] can be potential therapeutic alternatives and/or adjuvants for anti-arthritic drugs currently in the market, which have unwanted side-effects associated with prolonged use. However, natural products, including triterpenoids, often suffer from poor absorption and low bioavailability due to extensive first-pass metabolism upon oral administration, and low water solubility, among other physicochemical characteristics ( Table S4, Supplementary Materials ) [ 6 , 8 , 9 ].…”
Section: Triterpene Drug Delivery Systems For Arthritis Targeted Therapymentioning
confidence: 99%
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“…The etiology of RA remains incompletely understood, with genetic, autoimmune, and environmental factors being considered as the primary causes ( 6 ). Individuals with genetic predisposition may experience abnormal immune responses in synovium triggered by environmental factors, resulting in synovitis characterized by joint swelling, pain, and irreversible damage ( 7 ).…”
Section: Introductionmentioning
confidence: 99%