Triterpenoid saponins, new metalloprotease snake venom inhibitors isolated from Pentaclethra macroloba

Silva, Jocivânia O. da; Fernandes, Rodrigo; Ticli, Fábio Kiss; Oliveira, Clayton Z.; Mazzi, Maurício Ventura; Franco, Juliana Bertoldi; Giuliatti, Silvana; Pereira, Paulo Sérgio; Soares, Andreimar M.; Sampaio, Suely Vilela

doi:10.1016/j.toxicon.2007.03.024

Cited by 67 publications

(49 citation statements)

References 30 publications

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“…The decrease in CK activity in muscle indicates the presence of myonecrosis (5,30). Histological results confirm CK results, which are in agreement with those reported by Silva et al (40). Likewise, our findings on the myonecrotic and edemainducing effects are also similar to those of Soares et al (41).…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 93%

Low-level laser therapy decreases local effects induced by myotoxins isolated from Bothrops jararacussu snake venom

Barbosa¹,

Villaverde²,

Guimarães-Sousa³

et al. 2010

J. Venom. Anim. Toxins incl. Trop. Dis

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Abstract:The prominent myotoxic effects induced by Bothrops jararacussu crude venom are due, in part, to its polycationic myotoxins, BthTX-I and BthTX-II. Both myotoxins have a phospholipase A2 structure: BthTX-II is an active enzyme Asp-49 PLA2, while BthTX-I is a Lys-49 PLA2 devoid of enzymatic activity. In this study, the effect of low-level laser therapy (LLLT), 685 nm laser at a dose of 4.2 J/cm2 on edema formation, leukocyte influx and myonecrosis caused by BthTX-I and BthTX-II, isolated from Bothrops jararacussu snake venom, was analyzed. BthTX-I and BthTX-II caused a significant edema formation, a prominent leukocyte infiltrate composed predominantly by neutrophils and myonecrosis in envenomed gastrocnemius muscle. LLLT significantly reduced the edema formation, neutrophil accumulation and myonecrosis induced by both myotoxins 24 hours after the injection. LLLT reduced the myonecrosis caused by BthTX-I and BthTX-II, respectively, by 60 and 43%; the edema formation, by 41 and 60.7%; and the leukocyte influx, by 57.5 and 51.6%. In conclusion, LLLT significantly reduced the effect of these snake toxins on the inflammatory response and myonecrosis. These results suggest that LLLT should be considered a potential therapeutic approach for treatment of local effects of Bothrops species venom.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 93%

Low-level laser therapy decreases local effects induced by myotoxins isolated from Bothrops jararacussu snake venom

Barbosa¹,

Villaverde²,

Guimarães-Sousa³

et al. 2010

J. Venom. Anim. Toxins incl. Trop. Dis

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“…Based on these folk beliefs, some studies were carried out to investigate the biological activity of this plant in the nervous system, for the treatment of stress, sexual dysfunction and possibly Alzheimer disease (Mendes and Carlini 2007; Howes and Houghton 2012). Few studies describe the antihemorrhagic and antiproteolytic activity of Pentaclethra macroloba (da Silva et al 2007). …”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Antimicrobial activity of amazonian medicinal plants

et al. 2013

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ObjectivesThe aqueous extracts of currently utilized Amazonian medicinal plants were assayed in vitro searching for antimicrobial activity against human and animal pathogenic microorganisms.MethodsMedium resuspended lyophilized aqueous extracts of different organs of Amazonian medicinal plants were assayed by in vitro screening for antimicrobial activity. ATCC and standardized microorganisms obtained from Oswaldo Cruz Foundation/Brazil were individually and homogeneously grown in agar plate, and holes previously perforated in the gel were filled with diluted plant aqueous extracts. Inhibition halos were evaluated and controlled by the use of the fluoroquinolone ciprofloxacin.ResultsThe Amazonian medicinal plants, Hymenelobium petraeum showed inhibitory activity over Staphylococcus aureus, Enterococcus faecalis, Salmonella enterica serovar Typhi, Acinetobacter baumannii and Candida albicans, while Vatairea guianensis and Symphonia globulifera presented inhibitory activity exclusively for Staphylococcus aureus. Also, Ptychopetalum olacoides and Pentaclethra macroloba inhibited the growth of Klebsiella ozaenae and Acinetobacter baumannii.ConclusionThe aqueous botanic extracts that showed activity against microroganisms of ATTC and Osvaldo Cruz strains had at least 40% of antimicrobial activity when compared to halo inhibition produced by the commercial antibiotic ciprofloxacin utilized as a control. Of all plants extracts assayed, the Hymenelobium petraeum had the best performance, sometimes exhibiting higher activity than ciprofloxacin. It is not well-defined by the physicians the exact indication of the majority of medicinal plants in the Amazon area in Brazil. Natives utilize the plants according to their symptoms, based on the traditional knowledge transmitted orally from generation to generation, among Amerindians, Afrodescendents and ethnic mixed populations. A significant number of Amazonian medicinal plants are totally unknown related to their medicinal properties including mechanism of action and therapeutic effects, as very few information is reported in the scientific literature. A tiny amount of data is presented, as the preliminary antimicrobial properties of the medicinal plants here accessed, under the urgent necessity of new antibiotics in the market and in face of the increased resistance of infectious microorganisms to antimicrobials.

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“…Around 50% of the crude venom of B. jararaca consists of metalloproteinases according to transcriptome and proteome analyses (Fox and Serrano, 2008 Silva et al, 2007). Inhibition of hemorrhagic activity may therefore have been due to a non-selective mechanism as a result of complexation between zinc-dependent metalloproteinases in the venom and tannins in the aqueous extracts (Haslam, 1996;Farrapo et al, 2010;Ambikabothy et al, 2011;Sia et al, 2011 These results highlight the need to review the venom/extract preincubation method, as the presence of chelating agents in the extracts, which remove or precipitate ion-containing compounds in the venom, can lead to the anti-snakebite properties of plant species being overestimated.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Plants used to treat snakebites in Santarém, western Pará, Brazil: An assessment of their effectiveness in inhibiting hemorrhagic activity induced by Bothrops jararaca venom

Moura

Freitas-de-Sousa

Dos-Santos

et al. 2015

Journal of Ethnopharmacology

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Triterpenoid saponins, new metalloprotease snake venom inhibitors isolated from Pentaclethra macroloba

Cited by 67 publications

References 30 publications

Low-level laser therapy decreases local effects induced by myotoxins isolated from Bothrops jararacussu snake venom

Low-level laser therapy decreases local effects induced by myotoxins isolated from Bothrops jararacussu snake venom

Antimicrobial activity of amazonian medicinal plants

Plants used to treat snakebites in Santarém, western Pará, Brazil: An assessment of their effectiveness in inhibiting hemorrhagic activity induced by Bothrops jararaca venom

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