tRNA genes in rat liver mitochondrial DNA

Grosskopf, Rüdiger; Feldmann, Horst

doi:10.1007/bf00420498

Cited by 31 publications

(21 citation statements)

References 23 publications

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“…In each of the mt-tRNAser genes of nine different mammals (hamster (17), bovine (18,19), human (19), mouse (8,20), rat (21), gorilla, chimpanzee, orangutan and gibbon (22) (23) have derived a structural model for bovine tRNAser. This model is similar in overall shape to the crystal structure of yeast tRNAphe (24)(25)(26) but is smaller, and involves a unique set of tertiary interactions.…”

Section: And Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A cluster of six tRNA genes inDrosophilamitochondrial DNA that includes a gene for an unusual tRNA^ser_AGY

Clary

Wolstenholme

1984

Nucl Acids Res

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Genes for URF3, tRNAala, tRNAarg, tRNAasn, tRNASer, tRNA1u, tRNAphe, and the carboxyl terminal segment of the URF5 gene have een identified within a sequenced segment of the mtDNA molecule of Drosophila yakuba. The genes occur in the order given. The URF5 and tRNAPhe genes are transcribed in the same direction as replication while the URF3 and remaining five tRNA genes are transcribed in the opposite direction. Considerable differences exist in the relative arrangement of these genes in D. yakuba and mammalian mtDNA molecules. In the tRNAser gene an eleven nucleotide loop, within which secondary structure formation seems unlikely, replaces the dihydrouridine am, and both the variable loop (six nucleotides) and the TPC loop (nine nucleotides) are larger than in any other D. yakuba tRNA gene. As available evidence is consistent with AGA codons specifying serine rather than arginine in the Drosophila mitochondrial genetic code, the possibility is considered that the 5GU anticodon of the D. yakuba tRNAser gene can recognize AGA as well as AGY codons.

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Section: And Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A cluster of six tRNA genes inDrosophilamitochondrial DNA that includes a gene for an unusual tRNA^ser_AGY

Clary

Wolstenholme

1984

Nucl Acids Res

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“…The mitochondria1 cDNA probe coding for cytochromec-oxidase subunit I11 was a PstI 743-bp fragment inserted into pBR322 [16]. The nuclear cDNA probe coding for cytochrome-c-oxidase subunit Vlc was a PstI 243-bp fragment [17] inserted into the plasmid Bluescribe (Stratagene Cloning Systems, San Diego, CA, USA).…”

Section: Cdna Probesmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Hybridization occurred at positions corresponding to mRNA sizes in the appropriate range according to the expected size of the protein subunits, i.e. 450-510 bp for the nuclear-encoded mRNA [17,201 and 783 bp for the mitochondrially encoded mRNA [16]. A comparison of the hybridization signals from the corresponding stimulated and contralateral muscles in Fig.…”

Section: Changes In Specific Mrnasmentioning

confidence: 99%

Chronic stimulation of rat skeletal muscle induces coordinate increases in mitochondrial and nuclear mRNAs of cytochrome‐c‐oxidase subunits

Hood

Zak

Pette

1989

European Journal of Biochemistry

155

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Fast-twitch tibialis anterior muscle of the rat was subjected to chronic low-frequency (10 Hz, 10 h daily) nerve stimulation in order to investigate the time course of changes in cytochrome-c-oxidase activity, as well as in tissue levels of specific mitochondrially and nuclear-encoded, cytochrome-c-oxidase-subunit mRNAs. Chronic stimulation induced a progressive increase in cytochrome-c-oxidase activity which was threefold elevated after 35 days. A similar increase was recorded for citrate-synthase activity. Glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate dehydrogenase, which was studied as a glycolytic reference enzyme, moderately decreased, as did the tissue level of its corresponding mRNA. There was a parallel increase in the tissue levels of the two cytochrome-c-oxidase-subunit mRNAs over the entire stimulation time course. The extent of increase (stimulated/control) was 2.4 0.3 and 1.8 f 0.2 (means SEM) for the mitochondrial and nuclear subunit mRNAs, respectively. This parallel increase suggested a coordinate regulation of the two subunits. The increase in cytochrome-c-oxidase activity initially corresponded to the changes at the mRNA level. However, with longer stimulation times (beyond 14 days), the increase in cytochrome-c-oxidase activity clearly exceeded that of the two mRNAs. This divergence was progressive and was interpreted to indicate that the increase in cytochrome-c-oxidase content was brought about not only by changes in the levels of the specific mRNAs, but also by alterations at the level of translation.It is well established that the tissue levels of enzymes involved in energy metabolism are adjusted, in mammalian skeletal muscle, to the functional demands imposed. Thus, increased contractile activity induces elevations in the mitochondrial content and, consequently, in the tissue content of enzymes functioning in aerobic-substrate and end-oxidation [I]. Cytochrome-c oxidase, the terminal enzyme of substrate end-oxidation, is composed of subunits which are derived from both the nuclear and the mitochondrial genomes [2, 31. This raises the question as to the degree to which these two systems are regulated under conditions of increased mitochondrial biogenesis, such as sustained contractile activity. In order to address this question, we have subjected f a ttwitch muscle of the rat to chronic low-frequency stimulation. This protocol has been extensively shown to result in a large and time-dependent increase in mitochondria and mitochondrial enzyme activities [4 -lo]. In order to investigate whether the two genomic systems are coordinately regulated, we have followed the time courses of changes in tissue levels of mRNAs encoding subunits I11 and VIc of cytochrome-c oxidase. Subunit I11 represents a mitochondrially encoded peptide, whereas subunit Vlc is coded for by the nuclear genome [2, 31.The changes in the levels of these two mRNAs were related to alterations in the tissue level of cytochrome-c-oxidase activity which was used as a measure of the holoenzyme's tissue concentration. In addition to addressing the...

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“…The cytochrome c oxidase subunit III cDNA probe was an endonuclease-Pstl 743 bp fragment in plasmid pBR322 originally isolated from rat liver mitochondrial DNA (Grosskopf & Feldmann, 1981 fragment (Parimoo et al, 1984) and 0.1 0% SDS. This was followed by a wash of higher stringency in 0.1 x SSC and 0.1 % SDS at 60 'C for 30-60 min.…”

Section: Cdna Probesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Co-ordinate expression of cytochrome c oxidase subunit III and VIc mRNAs in rat tissues

Hood

1990

Biochemical Journal

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Cytochrome c oxidase (EC 1.9.3.1) is an enzyme which is composed of subunits derived from both the mitochondrial and the nuclear genomes. To determine whether or not the expression of these two genomes is co-ordinated at the mRNA level, we have examined the steady-state levels of mRNAs coding for cytochrome c oxidase subunit III (mitochondrially encoded) and subunit VIc (nuclear-encoded) in rat tissues. This was compared with the tissue concentration of the holoenzyme, which was estimated by measuring cytochrome c oxidase enzyme activity. The tissues (heart, brain, liver, kidney, soleus muscle and superficial white vastus muscle) possessed a 13-fold range of enzyme activity, which was highest in heart and lowest in the superficial vastus muscle. Specific subunit mRNA levels were quantified by using slot-blot hybridization of cDNA probes to total tissue RNA. The highest values for subunit III and VIc mRNA tissue contents were found in kidney, followed by liver and heart (40 60 % of that of kidney). The white vastus muscle contained the lowest subunit mRNA level (150% of that of kidney). Although some variability was apparent within each tissue, a parallel pattern of mRNA expression of the nuclear-and mitochondrially encoded subunits was observed. Differences between muscle (heart, vastus and soleus) and non-muscle tissues were noted in the relationship between mRNA and protein levels of expression. Thus, although this suggests that tissue-specific regulatory processes operate, the steady-state expression of subunit III and subunit VIc mRNAs appears to be co-ordinately regulated.

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tRNA genes in rat liver mitochondrial DNA

Cited by 31 publications

References 23 publications

A cluster of six tRNA genes inDrosophilamitochondrial DNA that includes a gene for an unusual tRNA^ser_AGY

A cluster of six tRNA genes inDrosophilamitochondrial DNA that includes a gene for an unusual tRNA^ser_AGY

Chronic stimulation of rat skeletal muscle induces coordinate increases in mitochondrial and nuclear mRNAs of cytochrome‐c‐oxidase subunits

Co-ordinate expression of cytochrome c oxidase subunit III and VIc mRNAs in rat tissues

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tRNA genes in rat liver mitochondrial DNA

Cited by 31 publications

References 23 publications

A cluster of six tRNA genes inDrosophilamitochondrial DNA that includes a gene for an unusual tRNAserAGY

A cluster of six tRNA genes inDrosophilamitochondrial DNA that includes a gene for an unusual tRNAserAGY

Chronic stimulation of rat skeletal muscle induces coordinate increases in mitochondrial and nuclear mRNAs of cytochrome‐c‐oxidase subunits

Co-ordinate expression of cytochrome c oxidase subunit III and VIc mRNAs in rat tissues

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A cluster of six tRNA genes inDrosophilamitochondrial DNA that includes a gene for an unusual tRNA^ser_AGY

A cluster of six tRNA genes inDrosophilamitochondrial DNA that includes a gene for an unusual tRNA^ser_AGY