tRNAs as regulators of biological processes

Raina, Medha; Ibba, Michael

doi:10.3389/fgene.2014.00171

Cited by 284 publications

(270 citation statements)

References 137 publications

(165 reference statements)

Supporting

Mentioning

266

Contrasting

Order By: Relevance

“…Although the detrimental effects of aaRS-induced decoding errors on proteome integrity are well documented, far less is known about how the failure to eliminate misacylated tRNAs might affect other cellular processes. In particular, the accumulation of misacylated tRNAs has the potential to disrupt the regulation of stress responses that monitor changes in either acylated or deacylated tRNA levels as measures of cellular fitness (9). Our results demonstrate that under amino acid stress, and in the absence of editing, the accumulation of misacylated species such as m-Tyr-tRNA Phe can significantly impact the total levels of both acylated and deacylated tRNA Phe .…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 65%

See 1 more Smart Citation

Translation quality control is critical for bacterial responses to amino acid stress

Bullwinkle

Ibba

2016

Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A.

Self Cite

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Gene expression relies on quality control for accurate transmission of genetic information. One mechanism that prevents amino acid misincorporation errors during translation is editing of misacylated tRNAs by aminoacyl-tRNA synthetases. In the absence of editing, growth is limited upon exposure to excess noncognate amino acid substrates and other stresses, but whether these physiological effects result solely from mistranslation remains unclear. To explore if translation quality control influences cellular processes other than protein synthesis, an Escherichia coli strain defective in Tyr-tRNA Phe editing was used. In the absence of editing, cellular levels of aminoacylated tRNA Phe were elevated during amino acid stress, whereas in the wild-type strain these levels declined under the same growth conditions. In the editing-defective strain, increased levels of aminoacylated tRNA Phe led to continued synthesis of the PheL leader peptide and attenuation of pheA transcription under amino acid stress. Consequently, in the absence of editing, activation of the phenylalanine biosynthetic operon becomes less responsive to phenylalanine limitation. In addition to raising aminoacylated tRNA levels, the absence of editing lowered the amount of deacylated tRNA Phe in the cell. This reduction in deacylated tRNA was accompanied by decreased synthesis of the second messenger guanosine tetraphosphate and limited induction of stringent response-dependent gene expression in editing-defective cells during amino acid stress. These data show that a single qualitycontrol mechanism, the editing of misacylated aminoacyl-tRNAs, provides a critical checkpoint both for maintaining the accuracy of translation and for determining the sensitivity of transcriptional responses to amino acid stress.translation | quality control | stress | stringent response

show abstract

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 65%

“…Another key role of aminoacyl-tRNA is to serve as signaling molecules for a number of starvation sensors (9). The levels of aminoacyl-tRNA and deacylated tRNA are, respectively, signals for stimulating and limiting translation in response to amino acid stress.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Translation quality control is critical for bacterial responses to amino acid stress

Bullwinkle

Ibba

2016

Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A.

Self Cite

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…The aminoacyl-tRNA then serves as a substrate in protein synthesis or plays one of its many other roles in, for example, cell wall formation or antibiotic biosynthesis (Raina and Ibba 2014). In accordance, the valine, leucine, and isoleucine biosynthesis, important for protein synthesis as well (Ahmed and Khan 2006;Tamanna and Mahmood 2014), was downregulated in more northern populations.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 93%

Metabolic adaptations in a range expanding arthropod

Petegem

Renault

Stoks

et al. 2016

Preprint

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Despite an increasing number of studies documenting life-history evolution during range expansions or shifts, we lack a mechanistic understanding of the underlying physiological processes. In this explorative study, we used a metabolomics approach to study physiological changes associated with the recent range expansion of the two-spotted spider mite (Tetranychus urticae). Mite populations were sampled along a latitudinal gradient from range core to edge and reared under benign common garden conditions for two generations. Using gas chromatography-mass spectrometry, we obtained metabolic population profiles, which showed a gradual differentiation along the latitudinal gradient, indicating (epi)genetic changes in the metabolome in association with range expansion. These changes seemed not related with shifts in the mites' energetic metabolism, but rather with differential use of amino acids. Particularly, more dispersive northern populations showed lowered concentrations of several essential and nonessential amino acids, suggesting a potential downregulation of metabolic pathways associated with protein synthesis.

show abstract

“…8,9 Moreover, besides their role in translation as adapter molecules, tRNAs are now known to have a wide variety of non-canonical functions, such as in apoptosis regulation. 10,11 tRNAs have further been reported to serve as a source of small functional RNAs. [12][13][14] Numerous tRNA-interacting proteins have recently been proposed, 15 indicating the scope of tRNA biological functions may be far beyond that previously assumed.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Regarding specificity, the cellular transcriptome mainly contains 3 tRNA gene-derived RNA species, precursor tRNAs (pre-tRNAs), mature tRNAs, and tRNA-derived small RNA fragments. [10][11][12] Because these RNA species have identical sequences, standard qRT-PCR cannot distinguish between them. In particular, qRT-PCR cannot be used to specifically quantify mature tRNAs because their complete sequences are present in pre-tRNAs.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Four-leaf clover qRT-PCR: A convenient method for selective quantification of mature tRNA

et al. 2015

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Transfer RNAs (tRNAs) play a central role in translation and also recently appear to have a variety of other functions in biological processes beyond translation. Here we report the development of Four-Leaf clover qRT-PCR (FL-PCR), a convenient PCR-based method, which can specifically quantify individual mature tRNA species. In FL-PCR, T4 RNA ligase 2 specifically ligates a stem-loop adapter to mature tRNAs but not to precursor tRNAs or tRNA fragments. Subsequent TaqMan qRT-PCR amplifies only unmodified regions of the tRNA-adapter ligation products; therefore, FL-PCR quantification is not influenced by tRNA post-transcriptional modifications. FL-PCR has broad applicability for the quantification of various tRNAs in different cell types, and thus provides a much-needed simple method for analyzing tRNA abundance and heterogeneity.

show abstract

tRNAs as regulators of biological processes

Cited by 284 publications

References 137 publications

Translation quality control is critical for bacterial responses to amino acid stress

Translation quality control is critical for bacterial responses to amino acid stress

Metabolic adaptations in a range expanding arthropod

Four-leaf clover qRT-PCR: A convenient method for selective quantification of mature tRNA

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About