Trombiculid fauna and seasonal occurrence of Leptotrombidium scutellare and Leptotrombidium pallidum in endemic and non-endemic areas for tsutsugamushi disease in Oita Prefecture, Japan

Pham, Xuan Da; Suzuki, Hiroshi; Otsuka, Yasushi; Takaoka, Hiroyuki

doi:10.7601/mez.50.303

Cited by 7 publications

(7 citation statements)

References 10 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Order By: Relevance

“…Leptotrombidium pallidum is more common in northern and eastern areas, where fewer cases are seen and thus L. scutellare is believed to be the key vector [135]. A similar pattern is reported from Japan, with L. scutellare and L. pallidum causing autumn-winter cases and L. akamushi summer cases [136–140]. Outbreaks in soldiers training on Mt.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 88%

Scrub typhus ecology: a systematic review of Orientia in vectors and hosts

et al. 2019

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Scrub typhus, caused by Orientia tsutsugamushi, is an important and neglected vector-borne zoonotic disease with an expanding known distribution. The ecology of the disease is complex and poorly understood, impairing discussion of public health interventions. To highlight what we know and the themes of our ignorance, we conducted a systematic review of all studies investigating the pathogen in vectors and non-human hosts. A total of 276 articles in 7 languages were included, with 793 study sites across 30 countries. There was no time restriction for article inclusion, with the oldest published in 1924. Seventy-six potential vector species and 234 vertebrate host species were tested, accounting for over one million trombiculid mites (‘chiggers’) and 83,000 vertebrates. The proportion of O. tsutsugamushi positivity was recorded for different categories of laboratory test and host species. Vector and host collection sites were geocoded and mapped. Ecological data associated with these sites were summarised. A further 145 articles encompassing general themes of scrub typhus ecology were reviewed. These topics range from the life-cycle to transmission, habitats, seasonality and human risks. Important gaps in our understanding are highlighted together with possible tools to begin to unravel these. Many of the data reported are highly variable and inconsistent and minimum data reporting standards are proposed. With more recent reports of human Orientia sp. infection in the Middle East and South America and enormous advances in research technology over recent decades, this comprehensive review provides a detailed summary of work investigating this pathogen in vectors and non-human hosts and updates current understanding of the complex ecology of scrub typhus. A better understanding of scrub typhus ecology has important relevance to ongoing research into improving diagnostics, developing vaccines and identifying useful public health interventions to reduce the burden of the disease.

show abstract

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 88%

Scrub typhus ecology: a systematic review of Orientia in vectors and hosts

et al. 2019

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…L. scutellare is presumed to primarily transmit tsutsugamushi disease in Oita Prefecture. L. scutellare larvae in Oita Prefecture appear on the ground from October to January with their peak in November (9). This coincides with the timing of the appearance of Kuroki‐type and Kawasaki‐type cases.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In Oita Prefecture, L. pallidum larvae appear year‐round with two peaks; one in September and the other from November to February (9). Karp‐type cases were reported from October to January and in May.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 1 more Smart Citation

Epidemiological characteristics of tsutsugamushi disease in Oita Prefecture, Japan: Yearly and monthly occurrences of its infections and serotypes of its causative agent, Orientia tsutsugamushi, during 1984–2005

Ogawa

Ono²

2008

Microbiology and Immunology

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Using indirect immunofluorescence assay, we examined the sera of 561 patients from November 1984 to February 2005 to determine the incidence of tsutsugamushi disease (scrub typhus) in Oita Prefecture, Japan. The results obtained were positive in 384 individuals (68.4%). Municipalities where patients were presumed to have been infected with Orientia tsutsugamushi were Taketa City (41.7%), Oyama Town (13.5%), and Ogi Town (8.3%). Infections occurred most often in October, November, and December. A small number of cases occurred from January to May. The serotypes Kuroki (47.5%), Kawasaki (42.5%), and Karp (10.0%) were detected by genetic analysis of O. tsutsugamushi DNA extracted from the blood of 120 patients. The gene sequences of the Kuroki type were highly homologous to that of the Nishino strain. The gene sequences of the Kawasaki type were identical to that of the Kawasaki strain. The gene sequence of the Karp type was highly homologous to that of the JP-2 type. To determine the distribution of vector mites, 558 wild rodents were captured and 72010 mites attached to these rodents were collected from 1982 to 1998. Six genera and 16 species of trombiculid mites were collected. Leptotrombidium pallidum and L. scutellare, which are known to be mite vectors for tsutsugamushi disease, accounted for 20.5% and 5.9%, respectively, of all trombiculid mites collected. The geographical distribution of cases roughly coincided with the distribution of L. scutellare. In Oita Prefecture, L. scutellare is presumed to primarily transmit tsutsugamushi disease. In addition, our results also suggest that L. pallidum transmits the Karp type of the causative rickettsia in some municipalities.

show abstract

“…The Japan Society of Medical Entomology and Zoology (Noda et al 1996;Yamamoto and Noda, 1995;Suzuki, 1996). However, a small number of El miyngawai have been also collected by this method in Oita Prefecture, as was reported by Pham et al (1999). Moreover, a small number of H miyagawai, L. Pallidum and L, fuj'i has also been collected inNagasaki Prefecture (Noda et al in preparation).…”

Section: Nii-electronicmentioning

confidence: 71%

Detection and serotyping of Orientia tsutsugamushi from the unfed larval trombiculid mite Leptotrombidium scutellare

Takahashi

Urakami²,

Misumi

et al. 2002

Jap. J. Sanit. Zool.

Self Cite

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Detection and serotyping of Orientia tsutsugamushi from individual unfed larval trombiculid mites, whose cuticles remained, were performed by the immunofiuorescent technique in three areas including an endemic area of Tsutsugamushi disease in Kagoshima Prefecture, A total of 9,540 unfed larvae ofLoptotrombidium scutellare and 31 of Helenicuta miycrgawai were collected by the black cloth method over 120 minutes. Of the above two species, 6,775 out of 9,571 unfed larvae were examined for O. tsutsugamushi by the immunofiuorescent technique. One unfed larva L, scutellare collected from the endemic area tested positive for O, tsutsugamushi and the serotype was determined as Kawasaki type O. tsutsugzzmushi by the immunofluerescent technique using the serotype specific monoclonal antibody, The natural infection rate of the ethiologic agent O. tsutsugamushi to the larvae L. scutellare in one endemic area was estimated to be less than O.05%. Moreover, a total of 71 unfed larvae consisting of four species, L, scutellare, L. fwfi, L. leitasatoi and Cheladonta ikaoensis, and three adults were recovered from five seil sarnples from the above endemic area. Here, all mites from soil samples tested negative for O. tsutsugamushi.

show abstract

Trombiculid fauna and seasonal occurrence of Leptotrombidium scutellare and Leptotrombidium pallidum in endemic and non-endemic areas for tsutsugamushi disease in Oita Prefecture, Japan

Cited by 7 publications

References 10 publications

Scrub typhus ecology: a systematic review of Orientia in vectors and hosts

Scrub typhus ecology: a systematic review of Orientia in vectors and hosts

Epidemiological characteristics of tsutsugamushi disease in Oita Prefecture, Japan: Yearly and monthly occurrences of its infections and serotypes of its causative agent, Orientia tsutsugamushi, during 1984–2005

Detection and serotyping of Orientia tsutsugamushi from the unfed larval trombiculid mite Leptotrombidium scutellare

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About