Tropane Alkaloids Production From Callus Culture of Atropa Belladonna L. As Affected by Elicitors and Precursor Feeding

Abstract

Atropa belladonna L is most important commercial source of pharmaceutical tropane alkaloids. Initiation of callus culture on MS solid media with different concentrations of growth regulators as BA and 2,4 D from different explants shows that 2,4-D only at 1.0mg/L and 2.0mg/l gave the highest callus formation score after 21 days. The highest concentration of atropine (376.62 µg/g DW) and scopolamine (103.16 µg/g DW) were obtained from leaf callus on MS medium supplemented with 2,4 D at 0.5 mg/L after 28 days. The effect of elicitors and precursor feeding on tropane alkaloids production in callus culture were examined. Accumulation of both alkaloids; atropine and scopolamine in callus were enhanced after 8 days with jasmonic acid at concentrations (50 µM), after 15 days with yeast extract at concentrations (0.5 g/L) and after 21days with ornithine at 1mM in comparison with control callus. Salicylic acid inhibits callus growth and accumulation of atropine and scopolamine in treated callus.

Multiplication and Rooting Shoot Tips and Nodes of Petunia Plant (Petunia hybrida)

“…[12] indicated that cultivation of Hyoscyamus reticulatus L. shoots from tissue culture on MS medium with half salt concentration prepared with 0.2 mg.l -1 IBA produced 3.12 root/shoot after 4 weeks of cultivation. [13] were able to obtain the highest percentage of callus induction (88.6%) by cultivating the leaf of Hyoscyamus aureus L. on MS medium prepared with 1.0 mg.l -1 2,4-D interfering with 0.5 mg.l -1 Kin. the weight of the callus reached 1.0 g after 60 days of planting.…”