Trophic and steroidogenic effects of water deprivation on the adrenal gland of the adult female rat

Chatelain, Denis; Montel, Valérie; Dickes-Coopman, Anne; Chatelain, A.; Deloof, Sylvie

doi:10.1016/s0167-0115(02)00217-3

Cited by 21 publications

(29 citation statements)

References 21 publications

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“…12 In the present study, when WD increased to 72 hours, PRA and aldosterone levels were not further elevated, indicating that the ability to secrete both hormones had reached a plateau. Aldosterone rise in response to WD is consistent with previous studies 13 and is most likely secondary to stimulation of the renin-angiotensin system, as suggested by the positive and significant correlation observed between PRA and aldosterone levels. Additionally, increments on plasma concentration of angiotensin II 14 and an increase in angiotensin II type-1 receptors in adrenal gland, 13 which have been reported to occur during WD in nonpregnant rats, can contribute to the aldosterone rise.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 91%

Renal and Hormonal Effects of Water Deprivation in Late-Term Pregnant Rats

Salas

Giacaman²,

Vío³

2004

Hypertension

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Abstract-Water-retaining hormones are stimulated during pregnancy allowing normal volume expansion. Because pregnant rats actively retain water, we postulate that water deprivation (WD) would cause a greater reduction in plasma volume in pregnant than in nonpregnant rats. To test this hypothesis, Sprague-Dawley pregnant and nonpregnant rats were water-deprived for 48 hours. At day 19 of pregnancy, or in the corresponding day in nonpregnant rats, they were randomly assigned to either a WD or a control (C) pair-fed group (nϭ10 to 12 per group). WD significantly reduced body weight, food intake, and creatinine clearance, and increased urinary osmolality in nonpregnant and pregnant rats. WD reduced plasma volume in a similar proportion in nonpregnant and pregnant rats (nonpregnant rats Cϭ13.1Ϯ0.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 91%

Renal and Hormonal Effects of Water Deprivation in Late-Term Pregnant Rats

Salas

Giacaman²,

Vío³

2004

Hypertension

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“…Inhibition of AII production by angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitors significantly decreased adrenal weight, suggesting that AII is an important factor in stimulation of adrenal growth. AII markedly increases levels of both CYP11B1 and CYP11B2 mRNA, whereas ACTH causes an acute increase of CYP11B1 mRNA levels without an effect on CYP11B2 transcription (31). We hypothesize that tumor growth in CAH patients may be stimulated not only by elevated ACTH concentrations but also by elevated AII levels, which are present in SW patients with poor hormonal control.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 89%

“…These findings are in agreement with the study of Clark et al (13) who described AII receptor concentrations in a testicular adrenal rest tumor of a CAH patient similar to that in normal adrenal tissue. It is known that AII has a strong trophic effect on the adrenal gland, especially on the zona glomerulosa (31)(32)(33)(34). These trophic effects were studied in detail by Chatelain et al (31) in adult rats showing that water deprivation resulted in high AII levels without affecting ACTH levels and in increase of adrenal zona glomerulosa weight.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Testicular Tumors in Patients with Congenital Adrenal Hyperplasia due to 21-Hydroxylase Deficiency Show Functional Features of Adrenocortical Tissue

Grinten

Otten

Sweep

et al. 2007

The Journal of Clinical Endocrinology &Amp; Metabolism

110

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Context:In male patients with congenital adrenal hyperplasia (CAH), testicular adrenal rest tumors are frequently found that may interfere with gonadal function.Objective: Our objective was to determine steroid-producing features of testicular adrenal rest tumors. Design and Setting:The study is descriptive and took place at a university medical center. Patients:Eight adult CAH patients with bilateral testicular adrenal rest tumors were treated with testis-sparing surgery. Interventions:In all but one patient, spermatic veins were cannulated during surgery and blood samples collected to measure the adrenal-specific steroid 21-deoxycortisol (21DF) and 17-hydroxyprogesterone (17OHP) and androstenedione (A). The same parameters were measured in simultaneously taken peripheral blood. mRNA concentrations of adrenal-specific enzymes CYP11B1 and CYP11B2 and ACTH and angiotensin II (AII) receptors were measured in tumor tissue. Main Outcome Measures:Adrenal-specific steroids/enzymes were assessed.Results: 21DF, 17OHP, and A levels were measurable in all spermatic vein samples. The ratio (mean Ϯ SD) between spermatic vein and simultaneously taken peripheral blood samples was 37.8 Ϯ 56.3 (21DF), 132.0 Ϯ 249 (17OHP), and 57.0 Ϯ 68.2 (A). CYP11B1, CYP11B2, and ACTH and AII receptor mRNAs were detected in all tumors with a strong correlation between ACTH receptor mRNA in tumors and 21DF (r ϭ 0.85; P ϭ 0.015), 17OHP (r ϭ 1; P ϭ 0.01) and A (r ϭ 0.89; P ϭ 0.007) concentrations in peripheral blood. Conclusion:Testicular adrenal rest tumors produce adrenal-specific steroids and express adrenal-specific enzymes and ACTH and AII receptors, confirming the strong resemblance with adrenal tissue. Because AII receptors are present in tumor tissue, it can be hypothesized that AII may be an additional factor responsible for testicular adrenal rest tumor growth.

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“…Despite the hypovolemia induced by WD, it has been reported that mean arterial pressure (MAP) is not only maintained but actually increases in conscious rats (4,8,46). The mechanisms mediating this paradoxical increase in MAP are not clear, but previous studies have shown that WD is accompanied by elevations in the renin-angiotensin-aldosterone system (4,14,16), plasma vasopressin and corticosterone (14,17,32), and sympathetic nerve activity (SNA) (10,53,55,56). In this study, we investigated the sympathetic component of the MAP response to WD.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Effect of global and regional sympathetic blockade on arterial pressure during water deprivation in conscious rats

Veitenheimer

Engeland²,

Guzmán

et al. 2012

American Journal of Physiology-Heart and Circulatory Physiology

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Veitenheimer BJ, Engeland WC, Guzman PA, Fink GD, Osborn JW. Effect of global and regional sympathetic blockade on arterial pressure during water deprivation in conscious rats. Am J Physiol Heart Circ Physiol 303: H1022-H1034, 2012. First published August 17, 2012; doi:10.1152/ajpheart.00413.2012.-Forty-eight hours of water deprivation (WD) in conscious rats results in a paradoxical increase in mean arterial pressure (MAP). Previous studies suggest this may be due to increased sympathetic nerve activity (SNA). However, this remains to be investigated in conscious, freely behaving animals. The purpose of this study was to determine, in conscious rats, the role of the sympathetic nervous system (SNS) in mediating WD-induced increases in MAP and to identify which vascular beds are targeted by increased SNA. Each rat was chronically instrumented with a radiotelemetry transmitter to measure MAP and heart rate (HR) and an indwelling venous catheter for plasma sampling and/or drug delivery. MAP and HR were continuously measured during a 2-day baseline period followed by 48 h of WD and then a recovery period. By the end of the WD period, MAP increased by ϳ15 mmHg in control groups, whereas HR did not change significantly. Chronic blockade of ␣ 1/␤1-adrenergic receptors significantly attenuated the WD-induced increase in MAP, suggesting a role for global activation of the SNS. However, the MAP response to WD was unaffected by selective denervations of the hindlimb, renal, or splanchnic vascular beds, or by adrenal demedullation. In contrast, complete adrenalectomy (with corticosterone and aldosterone replaced) significantly attenuated the MAP response to WD in the same time frame as ␣ 1/␤1-adrenergic receptor blockade. These results suggest that, in conscious water-deprived rats, the SNS contributes to the MAP response and may be linked to release of adrenocortical hormones. Finally, this sympathetically mediated response is not dependent on increased SNA to one specific vascular bed. osmolality; sympathetic nerve activity; water deprivation; denervation; adrenal cortex WATER DEPRIVATION (WD) over long periods of time increases plasma osmolality and decreases blood volume. Despite the hypovolemia induced by WD, it has been reported that mean arterial pressure (MAP) is not only maintained but actually increases in conscious rats (4,8,46). The mechanisms mediating this paradoxical increase in MAP are not clear, but previous studies have shown that WD is accompanied by elevations in the renin-angiotensin-aldosterone system (4, 14, 16), plasma vasopressin and corticosterone (14,17,32), and sympathetic nerve activity (SNA) (10,53,55,56). In this study, we investigated the sympathetic component of the MAP response to WD.Although it is generally accepted that the sympathetic nervous system is activated during WD to support MAP, the evidence supporting this is not entirely conclusive. Studies in which plasma norepinephrine was measured as an indicator of global sympathetic activity have been inconsistent, with some showing no ch...

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Trophic and steroidogenic effects of water deprivation on the adrenal gland of the adult female rat

Cited by 21 publications

References 21 publications

Renal and Hormonal Effects of Water Deprivation in Late-Term Pregnant Rats

Renal and Hormonal Effects of Water Deprivation in Late-Term Pregnant Rats

Testicular Tumors in Patients with Congenital Adrenal Hyperplasia due to 21-Hydroxylase Deficiency Show Functional Features of Adrenocortical Tissue

Effect of global and regional sympathetic blockade on arterial pressure during water deprivation in conscious rats

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