Trophic Interactions and Biogeochemical Cycles in River Ecosystem

Chakraborty, Susanta Kumar

doi:10.1007/978-3-030-53897-2_4

Cited by 4 publications

(3 citation statements)

References 177 publications

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“…Powerful indirect interactions in ecosystems can easily change the organization of an aquatic ecosystem [1,2]. Biogeochemical cycles of marine ecosystems depend upon trophic forces [3,4], as demonstrated experimentally by biomanipulation [5]. Classical biomanipulation, used to manage water quality of lakes, involves increasing zooplankton populations, especially Daphnia species that usually feed on phytoplankton [6].…”

Section: Restriction Of Classical Biomanipulationmentioning

confidence: 99%

Advantageous and Disadvantageous of Non Classical Biomanipulation

Amjad Yaqoob

2023

AOMB

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In classical biomanipulation, piscivores fish is introduced to a water body which fed on planktivorous fish and causes an increase in the numbers of zooplankton and zooplankton by feeding on phytoplankton roots to reduction in algal blooms. In contrast, during non-classical biomanipulation piscivores fish is removed from the water body and planktivorous fish is introduced which fed on all kinds of plankton and led to improving the water quality parameters by reducing nuisance algae. Here, we examine the management of water quality parameters through non-classical biomanipulation by identifying problems and extract recommendations. Preference is given to non-classical biomanipulation due to certain hindrances with traditional biomanipulation such as planktivorous fish removal, increase in numbers of macrophyte and decrease in phosphorous (external and internal), respectively. In fact, non-classical biomanipulation can also be used to control algal blooms in tropical, highly productive lakes, where reduction in nutrient concentration is almost impossible. In spite of overlapping prey and predator spaces in closed environments, such as in tanks and ponds, similar results of non-classical biomanipulation were also obtained in lake ecosystems as well. Non-classical biomanipulation changed the community composition of phytoplankton at the start of trial in both enclosed water bodies and lakes. In our review of 30 studies, 63% of studies demonstrated successful control of phytoplankton with non-classical biomanipulation. Microcystis blooms were controlled efficiently by two planktivorous fish, bighead carp (Hypophthalmichthys nobilis) and silver carp (Hypophthalmichthys molitrix), in Lakes Qiandaohu and Donghu, respectively. Eutrophic waters that lack sufficient concentration of macrozooplankton can be effectively managed through planktivorous fishes, such as bighead and silver carp. Non-classical biomanipulation is confirmed as an effective tool for the control of those nuisance algal blooms that cannot be controlled efficiently by large bodied herbivorous zooplankton while ineffective with blooms of nanophytoplankton species.

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Section: Restriction Of Classical Biomanipulationmentioning

confidence: 99%

Advantageous and Disadvantageous of Non Classical Biomanipulation

Amjad Yaqoob

2023

AOMB

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“…Uptake and retention of atmospheric carbon in soil is a complex phenomenon. This intricate process involves multiple variables belonging to all the spheres (atmosphere, biosphere, hydrosphere and lithosphere) of the ecosystem 14 , 15 .…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Soil properties also influence the capture, quality, distribution and retention time of SOC depending on various external and internal factors such as land use category and seasonal fluctuations in temperature and moisture 12,13 .Uptake and retention of atmospheric carbon in soil is a complex phenomenon. This intricate process involves multiple variables belonging to all the spheres (atmosphere, biosphere, hydrosphere and lithosphere) of the ecosystem 14,15 .Within the soil regime, the spatial and temporal changes in soil organic carbon stocks is very much dependent on the innate properties of soils. However, the statistics on the distribution of soil organic carbon (SOC) stocks in the soil profiles in relation to the soil variables are barely adequate.Following research provides a holistic picture of different variables shaping the SOC stocks in the top soils of Islamabad-Rawalpindi region.…”

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SOC stocks prediction on the basis of spatial and temporal variation in soil properties by using partial least square regression

Usman

Begum

2023

Sci Rep

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Global warming is a wide-scale problem and soil carbon sequestration is its local scale, natural solution. Role of soil as carbon sink has been researched extensively but the knowledge regarding the role of soil variables in predicting soil carbon uptake and its retention is scarce. The current study predicts SOC stocks in the topsoil of Islamabad-Rawalpindi region keeping the soil properties as explanatory variables and applying the partial least square regression model on two different seasons’ datasets. Samples collected from the twin cities of Islamabad and Rawalpindi were tested for soil color, texture, moisture-content, SOM, bulk density, soil pH, EC, SOC, sulphates, nitrates, phosphates, fluorides, calcium, magnesium, sodium, potassium, and heavy metals (nickel, chromium, cadmium, copper and manganese) by applying standard protocols. Afterwards, PLSR was applied to predict the SOC-stocks. Although, current SOC stocks, ranged from 2.4 to 42.5 Mg/hectare, but the outcomes of PLSR projected that if soil variables remain unaltered, the SOC stocks would be likely to get concentrated around 10 Mg/hectare in the region. The study also identified variable importance for both seasons’ datasets so that noisy variables in the datasets could be ruled out in future researches and precise and accurate estimations could be made.

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