Tropho-ethological polymorphism of fish as a strategy of habitat development: a simulation model

Gertseva, Vladlena V.; Gertsev, V.I.; Ponomarev, N.Y.

doi:10.1016/s0304-3800(03)00174-1

Cited by 7 publications

(2 citation statements)

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“…The direction of this differentiation appears to be under both genetic and environmental control, with diet, population dynamics and predation pressure implicated in the latter (Andersson 2003). The existence of an element of genetic control suggests the possibility that resource-use patterns and accompanying polymorphisms may ultimately lead to sympatric specialization (Jonsson and Jonsson 2001;Gertseva et al 2003). Morphological specialization naturally tends to increase the foraging efficiency of fish in the habitat to which they are adapted and similarly constrains their efficiency in alternative environments (Ehlinger and Wilson 1988;Smith 1990;Malmquist 1992;Robinson et al 1993;Schluter 1995).…”

Section: Trophic Polymorphismmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Ecological and Evolutionary Consequences Of Intraspecific Comentioning

confidence: 99%

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Intraspecific food competition in fishes

2006

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Introduction 232Types of competition 232Resource distribution and characteristics and the ideal free distribution 233Predicting the outcome: phenotypes and competitive ability 233Competitors with different phenotypes 233Competitors with matching phenotypes 236 AbstractIntraspecific food competition exerts powerful selective forces on all animals; successful foragers thrive relative to weaker conspecifics. Understanding competition is therefore fundamental both to ecological insight and to conservation efforts. Fish are adaptable and tractable experimental organisms, offering excellent model systems for studies on competition, and they lend themselves to two approaches: (i) studies of short-term competition, which quantify the components of behavioural interactions;(ii) studies of long-term interactions, in which the indeterminate nature of fish growth makes it possible to measure rates directly and correlate them with competitive success. The nature and the intensity of competition vary according to resource characteristics and distributions in time and space, the ecological context, and the relative competitive abilities of the foragers. Second-order effects, such as winner and loser consequences, add to the complexity and frustrated early attempts to develop realistic models of intraspecific competition. Recently, however, considerable advances have been made in both laboratory and field studies on fishes adding to our understanding of these interacting effects. At the same time, the application of individual-based modelling offers the prospect of progress towards greater realism and accuracy in predicting competitive outcomes. This review draws together a wide and disparate literature on intraspecific competition in fishes to facilitate the work of both empiricists and theoreticians towards these important goals.In the short term, competing individuals may adopt different behavioural strategies and feeding patterns or establish dominance hierarchies and feeding territories. In the longer term, competition can drive character displacement and the formation of species pairs and fish provide some of the most compelling examples of these processes in evolutionary biology. The challenge for the future is to further develop our understanding of the relationship between the competitive environment and the responses of fishes, particularly with closer co-operation between empiricists and theoreticians, and to apply this knowledge to aquaculture and to better management of exploited fish stocks.

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