Tropical Maize (Zea mays L.)

Edmeades, G.O.; Trevisan, Walter; Prasanna, B. M.; Campos, Hugo

doi:10.1007/978-3-319-59819-2_3

Cited by 47 publications

(46 citation statements)

References 131 publications

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“…In accordance, Edmeades et al. () pointed out that there is an opportunity for improvement of Tr germplasm from sustained testing under high plant density, since plant densities at which most Tr cultivars are being developed (4–7 plants m −2 ) have not changed in the last 40 yr (Edmeades et al., ). On the contrary, breeding programs of Te maize hybrids have increased the plant densities at which they test hybrid performance (Tokatlidis & Koutroubas, ; Troyer, ).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 88%

“…However, in our study, (i) Te hybrids consistently ranked within the group of hybrids with the highest grain yield across plant densities and experiments, and (ii) both Tr hybrids were within the group with the lowest grain yields, at the highest plant density in a poor Crop Science environment associated with a late sowing (Table 3), suggesting larger grain yield stability across plant densities in Te hybrids compared with Tr hybrids. In accordance, Edmeades et al (2017) pointed out that there is an opportunity for improvement of Tr germplasm from sustained testing under high plant density, since plant densities at which most Tr cultivars are being developed (4-7 plants m −2 ) have not changed in the last 40 yr (Edmeades et al, 2017). On the contrary, breeding programs of Te maize hybrids have increased the plant densities at which they test hybrid performance (Tokatlidis & Koutroubas, 2004;Troyer, 1996).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Differences among hybrids in the number of kernels set per unit of PGR S (i.e., KNP/PGR S ) may be attributable to dry matter partitioning to the ear and/or number of kernels set per unit of ear growth rate during the period bracketing silking (i.e., EGR S ; Andrade et al, 1999;Echarte et al, 2004;Vega, Andrade, & Sadras, 2001a). High grain yield is generally associated with high biomass production in Tr hybrids but with high harvest index in Te hybrids (Echarte & Andrade, 2003;Edmeades et al, 2017;Fischer & Palmer, 1984;Holley & Goodman, 1988). Therefore, it is possible that increased kernel number at high plant densities is attributable to greater PGR S in Tr hybrids, but to larger number of kernels set per unit PGR S in Te hybrids.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Kernel number response to plant density in tropical, temperate, and tropical × temperate maize hybrids

et al. 2020

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Kernel set response to plant density was examined in terms of physiological processes underlying kernel set in temperate (Te), tropical (Tr), and temperate × tropical (TeTr) maize (Zea mays L.) hybrids. Four field experiments were performed in a subtropical environment, and treatments combined two new and popular commercial hybrids of each group of germplasm background with five plant densities (2–30 plants m−2). Determinations included plant growth rate (PGRS) and topmost ear growth rate (EGRS) during the period bracketing silking, grain yield, and its components. In all hybrids, kernel number was the main grain yield component contributing to grain yield variations across densities. When grown in a high‐yielding subtropical environment, all hybrids exhibited increased kernel number per area with increasing plant density from 5 to 11 plants m−2. There was not a clear trend among groups of germplasm background in the number of kernel set at each plant density, but distinctive physiological processes underlying kernel number per plant (KNP) were evident between Te and Tr hybrids. Across plant densities, the KNP/PGRS ratio was larger and PGRS was lower in Te than in Tr hybrids. Larger KNP/PGRS in Te than in Tr hybrids were associated with greater prolificacy al low plant density and larger EGRS. In TeTr hybrids instead, there was not a common physiological process underlying kernel set, since genotypes representing this group shared traits similar to those of Te and Tr genotypes.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 88%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Kernel number response to plant density in tropical, temperate, and tropical × temperate maize hybrids

et al. 2020

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“…Los resultados anteriores indican que la selección masal aplicada por varios ciclos de selección a poblaciones de maíz tropicales introducidas en Valles Altos propició una adaptación adecuada de dichos materiales a dicha región, medida con base en el rendimiento y sus componentes de las poblaciones evaluadas (Gómez-Espejo et al, 2015). En la presente investigación los resultados comprueban que la generación de mayor diversidad fue de gran importancia porque se podría ampliar la base genética de las variedades locales para mejorar el rendimiento de maíz de Valles Altos (Badu-Apraku et al, 2015;Edmeades et al, 2017).…”

Section: Comparación De Mediasunclassified

Rendimiento, Componentes De Rendimiento Y Heterosis De Germoplasma De Maíz Adaptado a Valles Altos

et al. 2019

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Las variedades de maíz (Zea mays L.) introducidas de otras latitudes son una fuente de alelos favorables de utilidad en el mejoramiento genético, pero antes de ser empleados deben adaptarse a las condiciones climáticas de los ambientes de interés. El objetivo del presente estudio fue evaluar el rendimiento y sus componentes en poblaciones representativas de razas de maíz originarias del trópico y subtrópico adaptadas por selección masal recurrente a los Valles Altos de México, así como la heterosis de sus cruzas interraciales para identificar genotipos útiles al mejoramiento genético del maíz para esos ambientes. Se evaluaron nueve poblaciones de maíz adaptado, ocho cruzas de dos poblaciones, una cruza de tres poblaciones, generaciones avanzadas de las cruzas y cuatro testigos comerciales. Los genotipos se evaluaron en tres ambientes bajo un diseño experimental de bloques completos al azar con tres repeticiones. Se registró el rendimiento y sus componentes. Se realizó análisis de varianza, comparación de medias (Tukey, P ≤ 0.05), análisis de correlación y se estimó la heterosis con respecto al progenitor medio. Hubo diferencias significativas (P ≤ 0.01) entre genotipos para todos los caracteres; los materiales adaptados rindieron de 3.89 a 11.71 t ha-1 y los testigos de 8.06 a 11.56 t ha-1. El rendimiento correlacionó con el índice de prolificidad (r = 0.67), longitud (r = 0.64), diámetro de mazorca (r = 0.65) y número de granos por hilera (r = 0.64). La heterosis promedio para rendimiento y sus componentes fluctuó de -5.30 a 6.53 %, con 5.68 % para rendimiento, donde la cruza F1 P9 × P8 presentó la mayor heterosis (26.19 %). Las poblaciones adaptadas y sus cruzas presentaron rendimientos similares a los testigos comerciales; por esto, pueden aprovecharse per se o como participantes para mejoramiento genético del maíz local de Valles Altos.

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“…Maize ( Zea mays L.) is one of the most important cereals worldwide. In the American, continent there are 300 landraces of maize (Edmeades, Trevisan, Prasanna, & Campos, ). Mexico is considered as the main source of origin and distribution of maize, has the largest genetic biodiversity of this cereal in the world due to the ancient agricultural practices bound to the traditional knowledge of the Mexican indigenous people, leading heirs, protectors and breeders of the native germplasm (Sánchez, Goodman, & Stuber, ).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effect of different salts on total phenolic compounds and their bioactivity during the development of a sustainable nixtamalization process using a fractional factorial design

Ramírez

Rangel‐Peraza

Bustos-Terrones

et al. 2018

J Food Process Preserv

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The objective of this research was to evaluate the effect of the combination of different factors involved in the development of a sustainable process of maize nixtamalization using a fractional factorial design (26‐2) to evaluate pH, percentage of dry matter, water absorption capacity and total phenolic content. The optimization was carried out using the global desirability function. Therefore, optimal conditions were applied for the evaluation of the bioactivity of phenolic compounds through antioxidant and antimicrobial activities, and these characteristics were compared with the traditional nixtamalization process. In general, the global desirability function was 0.872 which indicated that the nixtamalization process was adequate. The process under optimum conditions retained higher phenolic compounds than the traditional process and presented higher antioxidant and antimicrobial activity. The optimized nixtamalization process can be used to obtain maize nixtamal with greater retention of bioactive compounds and a process that generates a positive impact on the environment. Practical applications The sustainable process of nixtamalization of white creole maize, optimizing the use of different salts, cooking, and rest times of the grain to obtain a nixtamal with greater retention of phenolic compounds in comparison with the traditional process. Also, the proposed sustainable nixtamalization process allows to reduce the negative impact on the environment and is an important tool for the evaluation of different factors that affect the process.

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Tropical Maize (Zea mays L.)

Cited by 47 publications

References 131 publications

Kernel number response to plant density in tropical, temperate, and tropical × temperate maize hybrids

Kernel number response to plant density in tropical, temperate, and tropical × temperate maize hybrids

Rendimiento, Componentes De Rendimiento Y Heterosis De Germoplasma De Maíz Adaptado a Valles Altos

Effect of different salts on total phenolic compounds and their bioactivity during the development of a sustainable nixtamalization process using a fractional factorial design

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