Tropical northeast Africa in the middle–late Eocene: Paleomagnetism of the marine-mammals sites and basalts in the Fayum province, Egypt

Source-to-sink magnetic properties of NE Saharan dust in Eastern Mediterranean marine sediments: review and paleoenvironmental implications

“…Goethite is present in a relatively low number of NES rock units (Davies et al, 1980;Bachtadse and Briden, 1991;Abdeldayem, 1996Abdeldayem, , 1999Lotfy and van der Voo, 2007;Lotfy, 2011), and has been reported to occur in some regions under present-day weathering conditions (Lean et al, 1998;Abdeldayem, 1999). The relatively minor abundance of goethite reported in Eastern Mediterranean marine sediments by Balsam et al (2007) seems to support its eolian origin, bearing in mind its less frequent occurrence also in NES source rocks and dust (Lyons et al, 2010(Lyons et al, , 2012.…”

“…Magnetite is ubiquitously present in a wide range of volcanic rocks ranging from Precambrian (Reischmann et al, 1992), to Paleozoic (Bachtadse and Briden, 1991), Mesozoic (Lotfy, 2011), and Cenozoic (Hussain and Aziz, 1983;Perrin et al, 2009) in age, and also in igneous, metamorphic, and sedimentary rocks that range in age from Proterozoic (Reischmann et al, 1992) to Paleozoic (Davies et al, 1980) and Mesozoic (Hussain and Aziz, 1983). Magnetite is also the dominant magnetic mineral in Paleogene (Lotfy and van der Voo, 2007), Neogene (Abdeldayem, 1996;Lean et al, 1998), and Quaternary (Lean et al, 1998) sedimentary rocks. Hematite is reported less frequently than magnetite, but still dominates the magnetic mineral assemblages in some Precambrian (Davies et al, 1980), Paleozoic (Bachtadse and Briden, 1991) and Mesozoic (Lotfy, 2011) volcanic rocks and also in sedimentary rocks that range in age from Mesozoic to Quaternary (Hussain and Aziz, 1983;Abdeldayem, 1996Abdeldayem, , 1999Lean et al, 1998;Odah, 2004;Lotfy and van der Voo, 2007;Lotfy, 2011).…”

“…Magnetite is also the dominant magnetic mineral in Paleogene (Lotfy and van der Voo, 2007), Neogene (Abdeldayem, 1996;Lean et al, 1998), and Quaternary (Lean et al, 1998) sedimentary rocks. Hematite is reported less frequently than magnetite, but still dominates the magnetic mineral assemblages in some Precambrian (Davies et al, 1980), Paleozoic (Bachtadse and Briden, 1991) and Mesozoic (Lotfy, 2011) volcanic rocks and also in sedimentary rocks that range in age from Mesozoic to Quaternary (Hussain and Aziz, 1983;Abdeldayem, 1996Abdeldayem, , 1999Lean et al, 1998;Odah, 2004;Lotfy and van der Voo, 2007;Lotfy, 2011). Some of these rocks, such as the Nubian Mesozoic sandstones (Odah, 2004) and some Paleogene and Neogene formations (Abdeldayem, 1999) also contain smaller amounts of magnetite.…”

“…Goethite has been reported as the main magnetic mineral in some Precambrian (Davies et al, 1980) and Paleozoic (Bachtadse and Briden, 1991) volcanic rocks, as well as in some Mesozoic (Lotfy, 2011), Paleogene (Lotfy and van der Voo, 2007) and Neogene (Abdeldayem, 1996(Abdeldayem, , 1999 sedimentary rocks. Maghemite has been reported only in Paleozoic volcanic rocks (Bachtadse and Briden, 1991).…”

Relationships between sequence stratigraphy and diagenesis of corals and foraminifers in the Middle Eocene, northern Egypt

“…The Middle Eocene development of coral reefs at the Eastern Desert sections indicates the positioning of northern Egypt at a much lower latitude at such time than the present day. The growth of the corals should have occurred in a tropical to subtropical climate as confirmed by the paleomagnetic studies of the vertebrate sites in the North Western Desert (Lotfy and Voo, 2007). They located the placement of Egypt at 15°N to 17°N, particularly during the studied period (Figure 1).…”