Tropical Rainforest Responses to Climatic Change

Bush, Mark B.; Flenley, J. R.; Gosling, William D.

doi:10.1007/978-3-540-48842-2

Cited by 69 publications

(69 citation statements)

References 428 publications

(630 reference statements)

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“…At temperate latitudes, neither plant communities during glacial maxima nor transitional communities during cooling and warming periods come near matching contemporary plant communities of the current warm interglacial (Davis & Shaw 2001). At mid-elevations in tropical wet forests, pollen cores show a shuffling of plant communities with warming and cooling glacial cycles that indicates an idiosyncratic shift of individual species, albeit with the expected net upward shift in warm periods and downward shifts in cool periods (Bush 2002;Bush & Hooghiemstra 2005). Idiosyncratic variation in range shifts among formerly sympatric species has now been documented for elevational shift among temperate vertebrates (Moritz et al 2008) and insects (Wilson et al 2007).…”

Section: Interactions and Synergies: Riding With The Other Horsemenmentioning

confidence: 91%

The sixth mass coextinction: are most endangered species parasites and mutualists?

et al. 2009

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The effects of species declines and extinction on biotic interactions remain poorly understood. The loss of a species is expected to result in the loss of other species that depend on it (coextinction), leading to cascading effects across trophic levels. Such effects are likely to be most severe in mutualistic and parasitic interactions. Indeed, models suggest that coextinction may be the most common form of biodiversity loss. Paradoxically, few historical or contemporary coextinction events have actually been recorded. We review the current knowledge of coextinction by: (i) considering plausible explanations for the discrepancy between predicted and observed coextinction rates; (ii) exploring the potential consequences of coextinctions; (iii) discussing the interactions and synergies between coextinction and other drivers of species loss, particularly climate change; and (iv) suggesting the way forward for understanding the phenomenon of coextinction, which may well be the most insidious threat to global biodiversity.

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Section: Interactions and Synergies: Riding With The Other Horsemenmentioning

confidence: 91%

The sixth mass coextinction: are most endangered species parasites and mutualists?

et al. 2009

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“…Tropical rainforests have the highest biodiversity, and is expected to respond to the climate changes in the glacial-interglacial cycles, either in the components or in the structure of the vegetation. Pollen records in tropical regions of Africa, America and the western Pacific indicate that tropical vegetation has changed obviously during the glacial period, with clear movement of montane trees to lower altitudes at most sites [1]. Both terrestrial and marine records from the tropics show that the tropical montane rainforest expanded during each glacial period.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

A palynological and palaeoclimatological record from the southern Philippines since the Last Glacial Maximum

et al. 2011

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A palynological analysis of a marine sediment core in the southern Philippines, provides a detailed regional vegetation and climate history for the West Pacific Warm Pool (WPWP) since the Last Glacial Maximum (LGM). Chronology was determined by a detailed oxygen isotope record. A higher representation of pollen from tropical upper montane rainforest during the LGM indicate that this forest type moved down along elevation, probabaly due to the lowered temperature. During the last deglaciation and the early Holocene, mangroves were more expanded and tropical mid and upper montane rainforests were restricted, suggesting a rising sea-level and temperature increase. Herbaceous pollen and pteridophyte spore records indicate a much drier condition during the LGM than the Holocene. Mangrove development is controlled by conditions at the river mouth influenced by river discharge. Pteridophyte spores are abundant in wet conditions and are mainly transported by rivers. During the mid-Holocene, the reduction in mangrove pollen and pteridophyte spore appears to be a result of climate change: mainly decrease in river discharge. This may have been affected by the decreasing intensity of the Southeast Asian Monsoon, and the increasing frequency and intensity of warm ENSO events, El Niño, in this region.Last Glacial Maximum, tropical rainforests, palynological analyses, sea-level change, river discharge Citation:Bian Y P, Jian Z M, Weng C Y, et al. A palynological and palaeoclimatological record from the southern Philippines since the Last Glacial Maximum.

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“…Quaternary paleoecology focuses on ecological change at these intermediate timescales and in recent decades has emphasized climate change as the primary locus of explanation for ecological change (18)(19)(20)(21)(22)(23). Compared with community ecology, paleoecology is somewhat depauperate in theory and concept and is often deficient in spatial, temporal, and taxonomic precision.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Community ecology in a changing environment: Perspectives from the Quaternary

Jackson

Blois

2015

Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A.

164

125

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Community ecology and paleoecology are both concerned with the composition and structure of biotic assemblages but are largely disconnected. Community ecology focuses on existing species assemblages and recently has begun to integrate history (phylogeny and continental or intercontinental dispersal) to constrain community processes. This division has left a "missing middle": Ecological and environmental processes occurring on timescales from decades to millennia are not yet fully incorporated into community ecology. Quaternary paleoecology has a wealth of data documenting ecological dynamics at these timescales, and both fields can benefit from greater interaction and articulation. We discuss ecological insights revealed by Quaternary terrestrial records, suggest foundations for bridging between the disciplines, and identify topics where the disciplines can engage to mutual benefit. community ecology | Quaternary paleoecology | climate change Community ecology and Quaternary paleoecology are both concerned with the composition and structure of biotic assemblages, including patterns of spatial variation and dynamics in changing environments. Community ecology focuses on the here and now of existing species assemblages, emphasizing mechanistic understanding of local species interactions and their consequences. Quaternary paleoecology uses geohistorical evidence (1) to infer properties of past communities and how they have changed, at local to regional scales, during the past few thousand to the past 2.6 million years. Both fields are under increasing demand to inform scientists, resource managers, and policymakers of what might be in store for biodiversity and ecosystems services under ongoing and future global change (2-5). Despite their shared concerns, however, community ecology and Quaternary paleoecology are fundamentally disconnected, with relatively little engagement.

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Tropical Rainforest Responses to Climatic Change

Cited by 69 publications

References 428 publications

The sixth mass coextinction: are most endangered species parasites and mutualists?

The sixth mass coextinction: are most endangered species parasites and mutualists?

A palynological and palaeoclimatological record from the southern Philippines since the Last Glacial Maximum

Community ecology in a changing environment: Perspectives from the Quaternary

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