Tropical sources and sinks of carbonyl sulfide observed from space

Glatthor, N.; Höpfner, Michael; Baker, Ian; Berry, J. A.; Campbell, J. Elliott; Kawa, S. R.; Krysztofiak, Gisèle; Leyser, Adrian; Sinnhuber, Björn-Martin; Stiller, G. P.; Stinecipher, J.; Clarmann, T. von

doi:10.1002/2015gl066293

Cited by 69 publications

(121 citation statements)

References 51 publications

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“…Their results implied a large ocean OCS source over the Indo-Pacific region, and the total ocean source budget was consistent with the global budget proposed by Berry et al (2013). A similar conclusion was obtained by Glatthor et al (2015), who showed that the OCS global seasonal cycle observed by MIPAS was more consistent with the seasonal cycles modeled using the Berry et al global 15 budget than using the global budget proposed earlier by Kettle et al (2002).…”

Section: Top-down Global Ocs Budgetsupporting

confidence: 73%

“…A missing source of about 600-800 Gg S yr -1 in the atmospheric budget of OCS has recently been 15 identified by several top-down approaches (Berry et al, 2013;Glatthor et al, 2015;Kuai et al, 2015;Wang et al, 2016). Satellite data have shown that tropospheric OCS is elevated above the North Indian and northwest tropical Pacific oceans, and inverse models using enhanced oceanic emissions reproduced a similar pattern (Kuai et al, 2015).…”

Section: Oceanmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 1 more Smart Citation

Reviews and Syntheses: Carbonyl Sulfide as a Multi-scale Tracer for Carbon and Water Cycles

Whelan¹,

Lennartz²,

Gimeno³

et al. 2017

Preprint

113

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Abstract. For the past decade, observations of carbonyl sulfide (OCS or COS) have been investigated as a proxy for carbon uptake by plants. OCS is destroyed by enzymes that interact with CO 2 during 25 photosynthesis, namely carbonic anhydrase (CA) and RuBisCO, where CA is the more important. The majority of sources of OCS to the atmosphere are geographically separated from this large plant sink, whereas the sources and sinks of CO 2 are co-located in ecosystems. The drawdown of OCS can therefore be related to the uptake of CO 2 without the added complication of co-located emissions comparable in magnitude. Here we review the state of our understanding of the global OCS cycle and 30 its applications to ecosystem carbon cycle science. OCS uptake is correlated well to plant carbon uptake, especially at the regional scale. OCS can be used in conjunction with other independent measures of ecosystem function, like solar-induced fluorescence and carbon and water isotope studies.More work needs to be done to generate global coverage for OCS observations and to link this powerful Biogeosciences Discuss., https://doi

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Section: Top-down Global Ocs Budgetsupporting

confidence: 73%

Section: Oceanmentioning

confidence: 99%

Reviews and Syntheses: Carbonyl Sulfide as a Multi-scale Tracer for Carbon and Water Cycles

Whelan¹,

Lennartz²,

Gimeno³

et al. 2017

Preprint

113

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…The MIPAS OCS data set has already been presented in Glatthor et al (2015a), but focused on the signatures of tropical sources and sinks at the 250 hPa level only. In this paper we will give a more global overview of this data set.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Global carbonyl sulfide (OCS) measured by MIPAS/Envisat during 2002–2012

et al. 2017

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Abstract. We present a global carbonyl sulfide (OCS) data set covering the period June 2002 to April 2012, derived from FTIR (Fourier transform infrared) limb emission spectra measured with the Michelson Interferometer for Passive Atmospheric Sounding (MIPAS) on the ENVISAT satellite. The vertical resolution is 4-5 km in the height region 6-15 km and 15 at 40 km altitude. The total estimated error amounts to 40-50 pptv between 10 and 20 km and to 120 pptv at 40 km altitude. MIPAS OCS data show no systematic bias with respect to balloon observations, with deviations mostly below ±50 pptv. However, they are systematically higher than the OCS volume mixing ratios of the ACE-FTS instrument on SCISAT, with maximum deviations of up to 100 pptv in the altitude region 13-16 km. The data set of MIPAS OCS exhibits only moderate interannual variations and low interhemispheric differences. Average concentrations at 10 km altitude range from 480 pptv at high lat-

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“…Recent work by Glatthor et al (2015) and Berry et al (2013) has shown that there should be a noticeable depletion of OCS over the Amazon and Congo rainforest areas due to strong vegetative uptake. This is indeed what is observed in these data, especially for the observations made during the day (Fig.…”

Section: Estimates Over Landmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In retrospective analysis, Glatthor et al (2015) used the limb-viewing Michelson Interferometer for Passive Atmospheric Sounding (MIPAS) instrument to retrieve OCS concentrations at the lowermost detectable level, 250 hPa, using standard optimal estimation techniques. The compiled results from 2002 to 2012 in 5 • by 15 • latitude-longitude bins showed clear evidence of elevated ocean sources and tropical rainforest sinks that vary with season.…”

Section: Previous Estimates From Satellitementioning

confidence: 99%

Fast retrievals of tropospheric carbonyl sulfide with IASI

Vincent

Dudhia

2017

Atmos. Chem. Phys.

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Abstract. Iterative retrievals of trace gases, such as carbonyl sulfide (OCS), from satellites can be exceedingly slow. The algorithm may even fail to keep pace with data acquisition such that analysis is limited to local events of special interest and short time spans. With this in mind, a linear retrieval scheme was developed to estimate total column amounts of OCS at a rate roughly 10 4 times faster than a typical iterative retrieval. This scheme incorporates two concepts not utilized in previously published linear estimates. First, all physical parameters affecting the signal are included in the state vector and accounted for jointly, rather than treated as effective noise. Second, the initialization point is determined from an ensemble of atmospheres based on comparing the model spectra to the observations, thus improving the linearity of the problem. All of the 2014 data from the Infrared Atmospheric Sounding Interferometer (IASI), instruments A and B, were analysed and showed spatial features of OCS total columns, including depletions over tropical rainforests, seasonal enhancements over the oceans, and distinct OCS features over land. Error due to assuming linearity was found to be on the order of 11 % globally for OCS. However, systematic errors from effects such as varying surface emissivity and extinction due to aerosols have yet to be robustly characterized. Comparisons to surface volume mixing ratio in situ samples taken by NOAA show seasonal correlations greater than 0.7 for five out of seven sites across the globe. Furthermore, this linear scheme was applied to OCS, but may also be used as a rapid estimator of any detectable trace gas using IASI or similar nadir-viewing instruments.

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Tropical sources and sinks of carbonyl sulfide observed from space

Cited by 69 publications

References 51 publications

Reviews and Syntheses: Carbonyl Sulfide as a Multi-scale Tracer for Carbon and Water Cycles

Reviews and Syntheses: Carbonyl Sulfide as a Multi-scale Tracer for Carbon and Water Cycles

Global carbonyl sulfide (OCS) measured by MIPAS/Envisat during 2002–2012

Fast retrievals of tropospheric carbonyl sulfide with IASI

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