Tropical Tropospheric Ozone and Biomass Burning

Thompson, A. M.; Witte, J. C.; Hudson, R. D.; Guo, Hua; Herman, J. R.; Fujiwara, Masatomo

doi:10.1126/science.291.5511.2128

Cited by 221 publications

(197 citation statements)

References 29 publications

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“…This is of great importance, since ozone which is formed over regions where large amounts of ozone precursors are emitted can be transported over great distances and affect areas far from the source (Thompson et al, 2001).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Tropical tropospheric ozone column retrieval for GOME-2

et al. 2014

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Abstract. This paper presents the operational retrieval of tropical tropospheric ozone columns (TOCs) from the Second Global Ozone Monitoring Experiment (GOME-2) instruments using the convective-cloud-differential (CCD) method. The retrieval is based on total ozone and cloud property data provided by the GOME Data Processor (GDP) 4.7, and uses above-cloud and clear-sky ozone column measurements to derive a monthly mean TOC between 20 • N and 20 • S. Validation of the GOME-2 TOC with several tropical ozonesonde sites shows good agreement, with a high correlation between the GOME-2 and sonde measurements, and small biases within ∼ 3 DU. The TOC data have been used in combination with tropospheric NO 2 measurements from GOME-2 to analyse the effect of the 2009-2010 El Niño-Southern Oscillation (ENSO) on the tropospheric ozone distribution in the tropics. El Niño induced dry conditions in September-October 2009 resulted in relatively high tropospheric ozone columns over the southern Indian Ocean and northern Australia, while La Niña conditions in September-October 2010 resulted in a strong increase in tropospheric NO 2 in South America, and enhanced ozone in the eastern Pacific and South America. Comparisons of the GOME-2 tropospheric ozone data with simulations of the ECHAM/MESSy Atmospheric Chemistry (EMAC) model for 2009 El Niño conditions illustrate the usefulness of the GOME-2 TOC measurements in evaluating chemistry climate models (CCMs). Evaluation of CCMs with appropriate satellite observations helps to identify strengths and weaknesses of the model systems, providing a better understanding of driving mechanisms and adequate relations and feedbacks in the Earth atmosphere, and finally leading to improved models.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Tropical tropospheric ozone column retrieval for GOME-2

et al. 2014

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“…In addition to any long-term trends, there could be large inter-year variation in this aspect of solar radiation in the tropics. The peak in aerosols from the massive fires in both the Amazon and Indonesia (Harrison 2001;Siegert et al 2001;Thompson et al 2001;Page et al 2002) during the 1997/1998 mega-Niñ o event must have affected the quantity and quality of incoming solar irradiance for large expanses of tropical forest.…”

Section: Ongoing Atmospheric and Climatic Changesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Sources or sinks? The responses of tropical forests to current and future climate and atmospheric composition

Clark

2004

Phil. Trans. R. Soc. Lond. B

233

184

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How tropical rainforests are responding to the ongoing global changes in atmospheric composition and climate is little studied and poorly understood. Although rising atmospheric carbon dioxide (CO 2 ) could enhance forest productivity, increased temperatures and drought are likely to diminish it. The limited field data have produced conflicting views of the net impacts of these changes so far. One set of studies has seemed to point to enhanced carbon uptake; however, questions have arisen about these findings, and recent experiments with tropical forest trees indicate carbon saturation of canopy leaves and no biomass increase under enhanced CO 2 . Other field observations indicate decreased forest productivity and increased tree mortality in recent years of peak temperatures and drought (strong El Niñ o episodes). To determine current climatic responses of forests around the world tropics will require careful annual monitoring of ecosystem performance in representative forests. To develop the necessary process-level understanding of these responses will require intensified experimentation at the whole-tree and stand levels. Finally, a more complete understanding of tropical rainforest carbon cycling is needed for determining whether these ecosystems are carbon sinks or sources now, and how this status might change during the next century.

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“…These characteristics include seasonal variations and anomalously large increases in TCO in the Indonesian region during September -December 1997, following large scale forest fires and Savanna burning Thompson et al, 2001]. El Niño induced changes in tropospheric ozone, derived from the CCD technique, were also analyzed by Sudo and Takahashi [2001], using a 3-D photochemical model developed at the Center for Climate Research, University of Tokyo, Japan [Sudo et al, 2002].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Tropospheric ozone at tropical and middle latitudes derived from TOMS/MLS residual: Comparison with a global model

2003

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[1] The tropospheric ozone residual method is used to derive zonal maps of tropospheric column ozone using concurrent measurements of total column ozone from Nimbus 7 and Earth Probe (EP) Total Ozone Mapping Spectrometer (TOMS) and stratospheric column ozone from the Microwave Limb Sounder (MLS) instrument on the Upper Atmosphere Research Satellite (UARS). Our study shows that the zonal variability in TOMS total column ozone at tropical and subtropical latitudes is mostly of tropospheric origin. The seasonal and zonal variability in tropospheric column ozone (TCO), derived from the TOMS/MLS residual, is consistent with that derived from the convective cloud differential method and ozonesonde measurements in regions where these data overlap.

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Tropical Tropospheric Ozone and Biomass Burning

Cited by 221 publications

References 29 publications

Tropical tropospheric ozone column retrieval for GOME-2

Tropical tropospheric ozone column retrieval for GOME-2

Sources or sinks? The responses of tropical forests to current and future climate and atmospheric composition

Tropospheric ozone at tropical and middle latitudes derived from TOMS/MLS residual: Comparison with a global model

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